A powerpoint presentation

By: Liann Denisse M. Custodio

9 – St. Ignatius of Loyola
S.Y. 2019-2020
 The Medieval Period

 The Medieval Period – aka the Middle
Ages – Age of Discovery

 The period in European history between

the fall of the Roman Empire in the
west (5th century) to the Renaissance
period in around the 15th century.

 It was one of the most turbulent and

transformative periods in history.
Medieval


Music
History
 A. Vocal Music
of Medieval Period

 Medieval music was both sacred and secular.

 During the earlier medieval period, the liturgical

genre, predominantly Gregorian chant, was
monophonic.

 Polyphonic genres began to develop during the high

medieval era, becoming prevalent by the later
thirteenth and early fourteenth century.
 B. Instrumental Forms
of Medieval Period

 Instruments used to perform medieval music still exist, but
in different forms. The flute was once made of wood rather
than silver or other metal.

 The gemshorn is similar to

the recorder in having finger holes
on its front.

 One of the flute’s predecessors, the pan flute, was popular

in medieval times. Made of wood, and were graduated in
length to produce different pitches.
 Medieval music uses many
plucked string instruments


like the lute, mandore, gittern
and psaltery.

 The dulcimers, were originally plucked, but became

struck in the 14th century after the arrival of the new
technology that made metal strings possible.

 Instruments without sound boxes like the jaw harp

were also popular in the time. Early versions of the
organ, fiddle (or vielle), and trombone (called the
sackbut) existed.
 During the Medieval period the foundation was laid for
the notational and theoretical practices that would shape
western music into what it is today.


 Earliest Medieval music did not have any kind of
notational system. The tunes were primarily
monophonic and transmitted by oral tradition.

 This form of notation only

served as a memory aid for a
singer who already knew the
melody.
 C. Composers of
Medieval Period

Hildegard von Bingen
- A German nun who composed a vast body of sacred music
during the 12th century.

- Most of the music composed by Hildegard comprised of

melismatic solos and hymns.

- A notable aspect of her songs was their highly melodic

nature, the use of many different notes and pitches in a
single composition and the musicality of words
corresponding with their meaning.
Moniot d’ArrAs
- He mostly composed monophonic songs with themes of
courtly love and chivalry.

- He also wrote a number of sacred music pieces. Many of
his secular and sacred compositions are extant today.

Leonin and Perotin

- The style introduced by the duo would remained an enduring
aspect of the sacred European music on which subsequent
musical developments in medieval Europe were based.

- The music school established at the Notre Dame cathedral

emerged as a major centre of musical innovations in the
composition of sacred music. The most notable composers to
emerge out of school were Leonin and Perotin.
Adam de la Halle
-Another French composer who emerged out of the trouvere


tradition of northern France.

-He was most noted for the fact that he pioneered the drift
away from sacred music and established the foundations of
independent secular music.

-One of his most notable compositions is the Jeu de Robin et

da Marion, a dramatic work which includes a significant
portion of musical compositions.

-He was also notable for being adept at both monophonic and
polyphonic forms of composition, a rarity at the time.
Guillaume de Machaut
-One of the greatest composers of the late medieval period.
-A notable aspect of Machaut’s music is that he composed

both sacred and secular music.
-In secular music, he composed in the motet, ballade,
rondeau, virelai and lai genres.

Francesco Landini
-He was considered one of the best composers of all Europe
and the best composer in Italy.
-A large body of his musical compositions is extant today,
most of it in the ballate and madrigal styles of Italian music.
-All of his extent pieces are secular music
Medieval


Art
History
 A. Art forms of
Medieval Period
 EARLY CHRISTIAN ART

-It was emerging from the beginning of the 2nd century till the
beginning of the 6th century; it includes the catacomb painting,
early Christian architecture and the decorative art of Rome,
Jerusalem and Syria, as well as the art of non-European peoples
such as Copts and Armenians.

 BYZANTINE ART

-coming into existence from the 6th century in Constantinople and

in its zone of influence. It emerged after the fall of the Western
Roman Empire and after the appearance of regional and doctrinal
diversity in Christianity.
 PRE-ROMANESQUE ART OF THE "BARBARIANS“

-includes the art of the Visigoths, Lombards,

Franks (Merovingian and Carolingian) and Anglo-Saxons.


 PRE-ROMANESQUE ART

-includes the so-called "first Romanesque", developing in the area between

Catalonia and Lombardy, and the Ottonian art as well.

 ROMANESQUE ART

-it constituted, thanks to the international range of Christian

monasticism,the 1st codified style of the Christian Europe. It includes monastic
architecture of Benedictine monks (Cluny), English Norman as well as related
to it Sicilian Romanesque.

 GOTHIC STYLE ART

-It includes the architecture, sculpture and—for the first time,

painting as a self-reliant, independent of architecture form of art, having lots of
regional varieties: from the bombastic Spanish Gothic style till the German
brick Gothic style.
 B. Artist of Medieval
Period
 Lorenzo Ghiberti 
- was famous as a Medieval sculptor and painter. He was a founder of the
Renaissance, an intellectual movement that started in the Italian city of
Florence in the early 15th century

 Donatello
-was greatly occupied with statuary work. Statuary was greatly admired by
the Romans who created statues commemorating famous people or events

 Giotto di Bondone
-was famous as an architect, sculptor, and painter of the early Renaissance. He
broke away from the Byzantine art style and pioneered new ideals of
naturalism and created a sense of pictorial space
 Leon Battista Alberti
- developed architectural principals were founded on the importance of
painting as a base for architecture

 Cimabue

-was the last great painter who worked in the Byzantine tradition but he was
also a founder of the movement towards greater realism which culminated in
the Renaissance

 Filippo Brunelleschi
-was and Artist, Sculptor and Architect. He developed a technique forming
the basis of Renaissance architecture and also developed the use of
perspective, which revolutionized painting in Medieval Times, allowing for
naturalistic styles as opposed to the stylized figures painted by Medieval
artists

 Fra Angelico
-was famous as a Florentine artist of the Middle Ages who specialised in
pietistic painting ( religious art)
 C. Sculptures of
Medieval Period
 Byzantine sculpture

-is characterized by the Byzantine style. Byzantine visual art
remained sufficiently static throughout the entire history of the
empire.
-The central concern of the Byzantine style is the
awe-inspiring presentation of holy figures; to this end,
they are portrayed in stylized
postures, serene of
expression and often
halo-crowned.
Dark ages
-Common to these styles was a focus on decorative patterns (as
opposed to human figures), often with zoomorphic elements.

 Romanesque art
-which developed from the three great traditions of the Dark Ages, flourished
across Western Europe. Thus, for the first time since the fall of Rome, the West
was aesthetically unified. The heart of the Romanesque period (and the
subsequent Gothic period) was France.

 Gothic sculpture
- on the other hand, stands clearly apart, thanks
- to a striking new degree of physical realism.
- Indeed, Gothic art embodies the transition from
- medieval stylization to the fully-developed realism
- of the Renaissance.

The Romanesque and Gothic periods comprise the great age

of cathedrals; the foremost sculpture of this age is architectural.
 D. Architecture of
Medieval Period

 Byzantine Architecture
--Byzantine architecture was an
improvised version of its predecessor’ styles
and building techniques but with a more of a religious
dimension to it.

 Famous Medieval Architecture

-Architectural buildings such as
Alhambra Palace Complex, Notre Dame
de Paris and Hagia Sophia.
 Gothic Architecture
Medieval Gothic Architecture Lancet
Arches
-Gothic Architecture was very popular

from around the 12th century, Gothic style was grandiose with tall
pointed arches and high vaulted ceilings.
 Medieval Gargoyles
-Medieval Gargoyles were a popular
features of medieval architecture,
Usually menacing, mythical creatures
 Romanesque Architecture
-usually incorporates a high number of
arches in it's design with many fine
examples of the Romanesque style
throughout Europe.
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
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READING THE
PRESENTATION
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