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Session 2:
Classification
of Mental Disorders
1
Comorbidity Guidelines
Refer to:
Chapter 5
2
Classification - Key Points
4
Symptoms without Diagnosis
5
Categories of MH Disorders in
Comorbidity Guidelines
Mood disorders
Anxiety disorders
Personality disorders
Psychotic disorders
Substance-induced disorders
6
Mood Disorders
7
Major Depressive Episode
8
Major Depressive Episode (2)
9
Manic Episode
10
Hypomanic and Mixed
Episodes
Hypomanic same as manic episode but is less
severe
May only last 4 days and does not require the
episode to be severe enough to cause
impairment in social or occupational
functioning
In mixed episode, person experiences both a
manic episode and major depressive episode
for at least 1 week
11
Anxiety Disorders
12
Panic Attack
13
Types of Anxiety Disorders
15
Personality Disorders
16
AOD and Personality Disorders
18
Antisocial Personality Disorder (2)
19
Borderline Personality Disorder
20
Borderline Personality Disorder (2)
Impulsivity
Recurrent suicidal behaviour, threats or self-
mutilating behaviour
Unstable mood
Chronic feelings of emptiness
Inappropriate, intense anger
Stress-related paranoid thoughts or severe
dissociative symptoms
21
Psychotic Disorders
22
Delusions
23
Hallucinations
Gustatory (taste)
24
Other Symptoms of Psychosis
Disorganised speech
Grossly disorganised behaviour
Catatonic behaviour (eg decreased reactivity)
Affect flattening (reduced range of emotional
expressiveness)
Alogia (restricted thought and speech)
Avolition (reduced involvement with activities)
25
Schizophrenia
26
Positive Symptoms of
Schizophrenia
(Not as in pleasurable!)
Presence of excess or distortion of normal
functioning and include hallucinations,
delusions, disorganised speech, grossly
disorganised behaviour and catatonia
27
Negative Symptoms of
Schizophrenia
Absence of normal functioning including
affective flattening, avolition, alogia
Can cause significant impairment in a
person’s functioning
Classification of “types” of schizophrenia
depending upon the predominance of
symptoms displayed (paranoid, disorganised,
catatonic, undifferentiated, residual type)
28
Other Psychotic Disorders
29
Substance-Induced Disorders
30
Examples of Substance Induced
Disorders
Alcohol use/withdrawal - symptoms of
depression or anxiety
Manic symptoms induced by intoxication with
stimulants, steroids, hallucinogens
Psychotic symptoms induced by withdrawal
from alcohol, intoxication with amphetamines,
cocaine, cannabis, LSD or PCP
Other disorders - substance-induced delirium,
amnestic disorder, dementia, sexual
dysfunction, sleep disorder
31
Substance-Induced Psychosis
34
Delirium
36