HOSPITALS

What Is A Hospital???

■ Complex organization
■ utilizing combinations of intricate, specialized scientific
instruments
■ and functioning through a team of trained staff educated to
the problems of modern medical science

■ These are all welded together for the common purpose of

restoration and maintenance of good health
■ A specialized body where patient care is the focal point about
which all the activities of the hospital resolve
 Hospitals….
Physicians

Trained Nurses Delivery of

personnel medical
Laboratory services to
technicians the patients

Hospitals Pharmacists

Special
facilities
Hospitals….

■ Keep abreast of changes and advances in medical science

■ Character and extent of hospital services adjusted
continuously
 Hospitals….

■ Primary emphasis – care of bed patients

■ Extended frontier to programs for preventive medicine

Professional staff
Improvement of
Hospital public health
Official health
agencies
 Classification of Hospitals

Hospitals

Ownership System of
Clinical basis and Control Medicine
Basis basis

Length of Non-
Specialty Bed capacity Government
stay government
 SPECIALTY

Medicine Surgery Maternity

General General
CLINICAL BASIS

Psychiatric and
nervous diseases Orthopedic
Tuberculosis
Gynaecologic
Communicable
diseases
Otolaryngologic
Pediatrics

Rehabilitation Cardiothoracic

Dental
Kidney
Cancer

Neurological
 CLINICAL BASIS

LENGTH OF STAY
Short term

Long term
 CLINICAL BASIS

BED CAPACITY Small hospitals

(< 100 beds)

Medium-sized hospitals
(100 – 300 beds)

Large hospitals
(300 – 1000 beds)
 OWNERSHIP AND CONTROL BASIS

Army, Navy

Public Health
GOVERNMENT Services

Country

State

City
 OWNERSHIP AND CONTROL BASIS

NON-GOVERNMENT
Private (For
Profit)
Church
Charitable
trust/Non-Profit
Community
Organizational
 SYSTEM OF MEDICINE

Allopathy

SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Homeopathy

Ayurvedic

Unani

Naturopathy
Teaching Hospitals

■ Extensively used for instruction of medical students

■ Eg. ?????
Organization Structure of
Hospitals
 Patient
Primary
care

Functions Training/
of Hospitals Education

Public
Secondary
Health

Medical
Research
Patient care

■ Main function – provide care to sick/injured  restoration of their health

■ Emergency care, out-patient care, in-patient care
■ No regard to race, social, economical or other consideration
■ Involvement of health care professionals – physicians, nurses, dietitians,
physiotherapist, pathologist, etc.
■ Diagnosis
■ Treatment of illness or injury
■ Rehabilitation
■ Convalescent care
■ Dental care
■ Personalized services
Training/Education
Medical & Allied Health Professionals Patients
■ Medical students learn by observing and ■ Children
practicing under supervision of superiors
■ General education
■ Programmes organized periodically by
experienced supervisors ■ Social education for rehabilitation health
care
o Job training to make individuals fit for
the job ■ Special education programme on health
care, eg. Diabetes, cardiac patients
o Tuning to growing needs of their job
■ Patient counselling
o Impart practical training to serve the
patients ■ Public lectures and demonstrations –
preventive aspects of common/serious
■ Physicians ailments
■ Nurses
■ Pharmacists
■ X-ray and laboratory technicians
■ Medical social service workers
■ Hospital administration & training
■ Dietitians
Public Health

■ Acts as major community health centre

■ Support/Assist all activities of public health and voluntary agencies to
prevent disease & to promote positive health attitudes in community through
health education
■ Provide facilities and advice for
o Environmental and occupational health awareness
o Home care services
o Vaccination awareness programmes
o Safe medicine use
o Prevention and tackling of medication poisoning, etc.
o Social and economic rehabilitation
■ Reduce the chances of illness
■ Improve general health of public
Medical Research

■ Areas of research:
o Developing new techniques in surgery
o Laboratory diagnostic procedures
o Evaluating investigational drugs in diseases
o Devising of new strategies to improve administrative structure and
procedures for greater efficiency
o Low cost treatment procedures for patients
o Better health care of patient
■ Objective:
o Enhance knowledge against diseases
o Develop new methods to treat diseases
o Improve hospital service
o Better health care of patient