SMART POLLUTION

MONITORING USING IOT

 Abstract
• Today energy resources are becoming scarcer and therefore
more valuable. In conjunction with the population growth
over last century, the need for finding new, more efficient,
and sustainable methods of contaminated environment.
• To facilitate this process, we are designing, building, and
evaluating a system for precision atmosphere which
provides clean and healthy environment.
• Our system aims to make clean and healthy environment
to the society with multi alerts.
• Various types of pollutants are monitored through IoT.
• Incase Pollutant level is higher, automatically alert will be
forwarded to Municipality.
BLOCK DIAGRAM - TRANSMITTER
BLOCK DIAGRAM - RECEIVER
Circuit DIagram
 ADC
The conversion involves quantization of the
input, so it necessarily introduces a small amount of error.
Furthermore, instead of continuously performing the
conversion, an ADC does the conversion
periodically, sampling the input. The result is a sequence of
digital values that have been converted from a continuous-
time and continuous-amplitude analog signal to a discrete-
time and discrete-amplitude digital signal.
An ADC is defined by its bandwidth and its signal-
to-noise ratio. The bandwidth of an ADC is characterized
primarily by its sampling rate. The dynamic range of an ADC
is influenced by many factors, including the resolution,
linearity and accuracy (how well the quantization levels
match the true analog signal), aliasing and jitter. The dynamic
range of an ADC is often summarized in terms of its effective
number of bits (ENOB), the number of bits of each measure
it returns that are on average not noise. An ideal ADC has an
ENOB equal to its resolution.
ARDUINO UNO - ATMEGA-328.
The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has
14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be
used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16
MHz ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a
power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset
button. It contains everything needed to
support the microcontroller; simply connect it
to a computer with a USB cable or power it
with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get
started. The Uno differs from all preceding
boards in that it does not use the FTDI USB-to-
serial driver chip. Instead, it features the
Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to version R2)
programmed as a USB-to-serial converter.
Revision 2 of the Uno board has a resistor
pulling the 8U2 HWB line to ground, making it
easier to put into DFU mode. Revision 3 of the
board has the following new features
Dust Sensor
• Sharp's GP2Y1010AU0F is an optical
air quality sensor, designed to sense
dust particles. An infrared emitting
diode and a phototransistor are
diagonally arranged into this device,
to allow it to detect the reflected light
of dust in air. It is especially effective
in detecting very fine particles like
cigarette smoke, and is commonly
used in air purifier systems.
• The sensor has a very low current
consumption (20mA max, 11mA
typical), and can be powered with up
to 7VDC. The output of the sensor is
an analog voltage proportional to the
measured dust density, with a
sensitivity of 0.5V/0.1mg/m3.
 Ph Sensor
• Ph sensors measure the volumetric water
content in soil. Since the direct gravimetric
measurement of free soil moisture requires
removing, drying, and weighting of a sample,
soil moisture sensors measure the volumetric
water content indirectly by using some other
property of the soil, such as electrical
resistance, dielectric constant, or interaction
with neutrons, as a proxy for the moisture
content.
 IOT
• The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network
of physical objects or "things" embedded
with electronics, software, sensors, and
network connectivity, which enables these
objects to collect and exchange data.
• IoT allows objects to be sensed and
controlled remotely across existing
network infrastructure, creating
opportunities for more direct integration
between the physical world and computer-
based systems, and resulting in improved
efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit.
 MAX232
• The MAX232 is an integrated circuit first created in
1987 by Maxim Integrated Products that converts
signals from a TIA-232 (RS-232) serial port to signals
suitable for use in TTL-compatible digital logic circuits.
The MAX232 is a dual transmitter / dual receiver that
typically is used to convert the RX, TX, CTS, RTS signals.
• The drivers provide TIA-232 voltage level outputs
(about ±7.5 volts) from a single 5-volt supply by on-
chip charge pumps and external capacitors. This makes
it useful for implementing TIA-232 in devices that
otherwise do not need any other voltages.
 ADVANTAGES
• Easy way to control the pollution.
• Economically Low cost.
• Easy-Friendly Circuits.
 Applications
• Since monitoring through our system requires
less manpower, people with physical
disabilities can be employed for the
monitoring of fields.
• Overall, our project idea is feasible, which can
easily be implemented and has a wide scope
in terms of its application.
 REFERENCE
[1] Mei Fangquan. “Smart planet and sensing china—analysis on development of IOT”
[J]. Agricultural Network Information, Vol.12, pp. 5-7, 2009.
[2] http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/
[3] Gu Pingli, Shang Yanlei, Chen Junliang, Deng Miaoting, Lin Bojia, “Enterprise-
oriented Communication among Multiple ESBs based on WSNotification and Cloud
Queue odel”,International Journal of Advancements in Computing Technology, Vol.
3, No. 7, pp. 255-263, 2011.
[4] Cao Qinglin. “Present research on IOT. Software Guide, Vol. 59, pp. 6~7, 2010,.
[5] Li Hong. “IOT and cloud computing: Advance Strategic New Industry” [M].Beijing,
Posts & Telecom Press, China, 2011.
[6] Sun Qi-Bo, Liu Jie, Li Shan, Fan Chun-Xiao, Sun Juan-Juan, “Internet of things:
Summarize on concepts, architecture and key technology problem”, Beijing
Youdian Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Beijing University of Posts and
Telecommunications, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp.1-9, 2010.
[7] Yang Guang, Geng Guining, Du Jing, Liu Zhaohui, Han He, “Security threats and
measures for the Internet of Things”, Qinghua Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Tsinghua
University, Vol. 51, No. 10,pp.1335-1340, 2011.