Fuse (ហ្វុយស៊ីប)

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 Introduction
 Over current protection devices are essential in electrical
systems to limit threats to human life and property damage.

 Fuse was created by Thomas Edison in 1890.

 Fuse is the protective device that protection electrical circuit
from excessive current/ over current.

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 Introduction
 What difference between Fuse and Circuit
Breaker???

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 Function
 Fuse is used almost everywhere in generation, transmission,
distribution, and in home appliances.
 It carries the normal working current without interrupting and
to break the circuit when the current exceeds the limiting
current.
 The main purpose of using a fuse in a circuit is to limit the
excessive damage to the equipment.
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 Construction
 Fuse has two main elements.
1. Fuse element made from metal
conductor which is fusible.
2. Fuse case/ cartridge with metal cap
to support the strip.

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 Construction
 Fuse strip is made from metal that is easy to melt when is
heated. Melting point Specific
Metal in degree resistance in
 It must be : celsius μΩ- mm
1. Low melting point
Silver 980 16
2. Low ohmic resistance Tin 240 112
3. High conductivity Zinc 419 60
Lead 328 210
4. Low cost
Copper 1090 17
5. It should be free from deterioration. Aluminum 665 286
Symbol

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 Connection
 Fuse is always connected in series that it can cut/ disconnect
the load from the current source.

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Connection

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 Construction
 Can fuse protect from over-voltage?

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 Principle working
 The fuses work on the principle of the heating effect of the
current.
 It’s made from of thin strip or strand of metallic wire with
noncombustible material.
 In normal condition, when the current pass fuse, it also
generates the heat.
 Then heat is dissipated by surrounding air, so the temperature
of the fuse is kept below the melting point. 11
 Principle working
 When the fault occurs the short circuit current passes through
the fuse element.
 The magnitude of the current is much high as compared to the
normal current.
 The short circuit current generates excessive heat in the fuse
element.
 Thereby, the element becomes melts and break the circuit.
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 Selection
 Similar to CB selection, it is spared to 25% of operating
current.

Fuse rating = (watts/volts) x 1.25

1. Calculate the current
2. voltage must be greater/ equal to the circuit voltage
3. Use the next highest fuse rating after the calculation
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 Characteristic
 The higher current, the faster fuse blow.

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 Type
 Fuse is available in both AC and DC application.
 DC fuse is not very applicable.
 AC fuse is very popular and applicable in LV, MV, and HV
(66kV).

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 Rewirable Fuse
 Most commonly used fuse in house wiring/ LV
 consists of a base and a fuse carrier made of porcelain.
 fuse wire may be of lead, tinned copper, aluminum
 Standard ratings of rewireable fuses are
6A, 16A, 32A, 63A and 100 A

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Rewirable Fuse

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 Cartridge Fuses
 Fuse element is enclosed in a totally enclosed container and is
provided with metal contacts at the both ends.
 Used in LV, MV, until HV.

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 Cartridge Fuses
 For cartridge fuse used in MV, HV is type of high ruptured
capacity (HRC) that can operate with high current.
 Mostly used to protection power transformer, distribution line.

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 Discussion
 Why LV cartridge fuse is different from MV, HV
cartridge fuse?

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Cartridge Fuses

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 Applications
 Fuse is almost everywhere to electrical system
 Electrical generation, transmission, and distribution
 Electrical appliances (TV, Air-con, washing machine….)
 Motor starters
 Laptops
 Power Chargers
 Cameras, Scanners, Printers, and Photocopiers
 Automobiles, electronic devices….etc 22
 Advantages
 Simple, cheapest form of protection
 Free maintenance
 Automatic and fast operation
 Flexible size
 Inverse time-current characteristic enables its use for overload
protection

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 Disadvantages
 Need to replace the new one after once operation
 Cannot coordinate with other protective device in the system.

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Class discussion

What difference Between Fuse and Circuit

Breaker???

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