HISTORICAL

DEVELOPMENT IN
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY

In the Philippines Pre-Colonial,

Colonial & Post Colonial
Pre Spanish Period
Pre Spanish Period
 Filipinos have few written information about its
society, culture and technology.

 Relied on archeological findings to trace origin.

 Modern man from Asian mainland came over land

across a narrow tunnel to live in Batangas and
Palawan.
Pre Spanish Period
4800 B.C
 Learned how to make simple tools and weapon out

of stone and later on developed sawing and stone

polishing.
Pre Spanish Period
3000 B.C
 Adzes ornament of seashells and pottery prosper
for 2000 years until competition with Chinese
porcelain.

 Eventually learned how to use metals as tools, it’s

called "iron age" lasted from 3rd century B.C to
11th century A.D, during this time they are involved
in ore mining (copper, gold, bronze, iron)
Pre Spanish Period
 Early Filipinos engaged themselves into weaving,
shipbuilding, mining, and farming that led them to
the creation of the finest product of engineering
"the Banaue Rice Terraces".
Pre Spanish Period
 Early Spanish noted that Filipinos built a refined
plank-built warship called "Caracoa" that is suited
for inter-island trade.
Pre Spanish Period
 Locals from Butuan established a trading
relationship with Vietnam and China.
 Before Spaniards came, Filipinos were aware of
science and technology, they learned the curative
values of plants and able to extract medicine out of
it.
 Before Spaniards came Filipinos have alphabet,
counting methods, weights, measurement system,
and calendar based from the moon.
Spanish Colonial Period
 Contributed to the growth of science and
technology in the country.
 Introduced formal education and founded scientific
institution
 Parish schools were established where they taught
religion, reading, writing, arithmetic, and music.
 Natives were taught more advanced method in
agriculture.
Spanish Colonial Period
Spanish Colonial Period
 Established colleges and universities around the
country including the oldest university in Asia the
"University of Sto. Thomas".
 Prioritized medicine in later years.
 Spaniards contributed to the field of engineering
by constructing government establishments, churches,
roads, bridges, and forts.
 Biology was highlighted during this period.
Botanist, Chemist and medical scholars all gave
contribution to science.
Spanish Colonial Period
Spanish Colonial Period
 Galleon trade made big impact in the economic
growth of the Philippines. Spaniards prioritized
galleon trade due to potential to make huge profit.
That's why agriculture and industrial development
were not given focus and neglected.
 When Suez canal was built, visiting other countries
for Europeans and Filipinos was made possible and
probably influenced by the rapid development of
scientific ideals brought by the " Age of
Enlightenment".
Spanish Colonial Period
American Period & Post Commonwealth Era
American Period & Post Commonwealth Era

 American replaced Spaniards

 Establishment of Bureau of Government Laboratory
was made July 01 1901, by Philippine commission.
Serves a purpose to study tropical diseases and lab
projects in the country. Was later replaced by
Bureau Of Science (1905). Became the primary
research center of the country.
 December 08 1933 National research council of
the Philippines was established
American Period & Post Commonwealth Era

 Science inclined towards agriculture, food

processing, forestry, medicine, and pharmacy, they
didn't focus on development of industrial technology
due to free trade policy.
 Bureau of science was replaced by Institute of
Science in 1946.
 1950 reports made by the US Economics survey
about Philippines problem with regards to science
and technology such as lack of basic information, no
support, minimal budget, and low compensations.
American Period & Post Commonwealth Era

 During the regimen of Carlos P. Garcia in (1958)

the Philippine Congress passed the bill entitled "The
Science Act of 1958" which goal is to establish
National Science development Board.
Marcos Era
Marcos Era
 Science was given importance.
 Amended in 1973 in terms of national
development, priority shall be given in
advancement of science and technology.
 In his SONA, he declared that there is a need for
science public high school with help of DepEd in
partnership with National Science Development
board it aims to provide science teaching
equipment for 4 years.
Marcos Era
 1968 organized technology was the reason in
economic development.
 Gave extra funds to support projects in science
 1969 he allotted large amount of war damage
funds to private universities to encourage to create
courses that focus on science and technology.
 1970 emphasized that by upgrading curriculum and
teaching equipment is crucial to science
development program.
Marcos Era
 Presidential Decree No. 49 Series of 1972, as
support for promoting scientific research and
invention.
 Greatest contribution is the establishment of
PAGASA to ensure safety of the nation.
 Established national academy of science and
technology in 1976-1986 established campuses of
Philippines science high school in Visayas and
Mindanao.
FIFTH REPUBLIC
 Corazon Aquino replaced Marcos in her term in
1986
 Replaced National Science Technology Authority to
Department of Science and Technology. During plan
for the years 1987-1992.
 1989 budget allocation for science and technology
was increased into 1.054 billion pesos. But due to
financial crisis between 1990 and1991 it was cut
down 14% and in 1992. It was increased again by
50%.
FIFTH REPUBLIC
 One of her goals is to make Philippines
industrialized by year 2000
FIFTH REPUBLIC
 July 1992, President Fidel Ramos reported his first
SONA there were improvement with regards to
science and technology. In his third SONA there was
a significant people who specialize in field of
science and technology.
 By the year1998 it was estimated that Philippines
had 3000 competent scientist and engineers.
 During 5th republic, government provided 3500
scholarships for science and technology.
FIFTH REPUBLIC
 By approving Republic Act No. 8439 in 1997 which
entitled Magna Carta for science and technology
personnel . Purpose is to give incentives and
rewards to people who make impact and influential
in the field of science and technology.
FIFTH REPUBLIC
 1998, Joseph Estrada the "Internet Age" was
pushed for the advancement of schools and
industry.
FIFTH REPUBLIC
 Then it was under term of Gloria Macapagal
Arroyo when science and technology reached
"golden age".

 Numerous laws and projects related to science were

made to push technology forward to increase the
economic level of the country like R.A 9367 or the
"biofuels" act.
FIFTH REPUBLIC
 2014 President Benigno Aquino honors four
scientists who gave huge contributions in the
scientific field that geared towards the
advancement of science and technology of the
country.
FIFTH REPUBLIC

Angel Alcala Gavino Trono Ramon Barba Edgardo Gomez

THANK YOU
AND
GOD BLESS!