WIRELESS PROTOCOL FOR

TRAIN SAFETY USING

MICROCONTROLLER
DONE BY: SANTHYA.S,
S.ANANTHA SELVI,
GUIDED BY: Mr.ALTHAF SHERIF,
CHIEF ELECTRICAL ENGINEER,
INTEGRAL COACH FACTORY,
CHENNAI.(External guide)

:Mr.YOUVAN SNANAGAN PONSELVAN,

LECTURER,DEPARTMENT OF ECE.
(Internal guide)
 INTRODUCTION
• There are many efforts are made to reduce the
accidents in railways.
• These efforts are made to increase the reliability of
the railway travel.
• In this work three major problems are discussed.
They are,
– Signal violation by train
– Obstacle identification on the track
– Cooling fan provision and automatic control.
 PRESENT STATUS
• There is only manual control is available.
• There is no automatic control is available.
• There are more chances for manual errors
which may lead to major accidents.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
• The system is proposed with advanced
technologies to help avoiding the accidents.
• For avoiding the accidents there are
dedicated sensors used.
• PIC micro controller is used in this project
to control everything.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
• Signal violation
– If a train approaching a signal post the driver need to
watch signal and to control the train.
– If the driver of the train is not responding to the signal
then it may lead to major.
– In this work there is separate signal will be transmitted
from the signal post to the train in case of red.
– If at all the driver is not responding automatically the
train will stop.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
• Obstacle finding and auto routing.
– If any obstacle is placed on the track to derail
the train, it will be automatically found and the
braking will be applied automatically.
– After making it stop then it find out the
alternative track to run the train.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
• Cooling fan with automatic control.
– The cooling fan provided inside the engine to
reduce the heat developed in transformer,
converter units.
– These fans are fitted with automatic control
with used of temperature sensing.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM
IR based signal
Signal Engine
receiver temperature

Obstacle Signal post

Cooling Micro
fan controller sensing

Brake
system
 HARDWARE / SOFTWARE
USED
• PIC 16F870 as micro controller.
• IR based signal transmitter / receiver.
• LM335 temperature.
• CCS embedded ‘C’ software
• Proteous circuit simulator.
LITERATURE
SURVEY
 APPLICATION OF RFID TECHNOLOGY IN
RAILWAY TRACK INSPECTION

ABSTRACT
• Method used for railway track inspection and for monitoring
purpose.
• Information buttons that are mounted on mile stones, portable
data acquisition instruments and a terminal system.
• Reader sends out carrier signal, electronic tag receives it in the
working range.
ADVANTAGES
• Provide reduced work load of patrol.
• Reliable method
• Eliminate equipment accidents
DISADVANTAGES
• Improper orientation of tag can cause error.

CONTRIBUTION TO OUR PROJECT

• The method of monitoring has been adopted.
 SMART WIRELESS RAILWAY
MONITORING SYSTEM

ABSTRACT
• Method to monitor railway signaling or control or
infrastructure.
• Consists of remote controller and monitor units.
• Remote controller is a computer with transceiver.
• Two types- static, dynamic
ADVANTAGES
• Effective low cost system.

DISADVANTAGES
• Sensors may get affected.
• GPS receiver should be connected.

CONTRIBUTION TO OUR PROJECT

• Method of monitoring the track .
AVAILIBILTY IMPROVEMENT FOR WLAN
BASED TRAIN GROUND
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS IN
COMMUNICATION BASED TRAIN
CONTROL
ABSTRACT
• Automated train control for railways using data
communication.
• Bidirectional wireless communication between
each station adapter and way side adapter.
• Track into areas under the control of zone
controller.
• Communication always takes place between ZC
and SA.
ADVANTAGES
• It uses two links; active and backup link.

DISADVANTAGES
• Transmission errors due to dynamic channel fading in
railway environments.
• Communication is lost at handoffs.
CONTRIBUTION TO OUR PROJECT
• The concept of CBTC.
EVALUATION OF GPS AVAILIBILITY FOR
TRAIN POSITIONING ALONG A RAILWAY
LINE
ABSTRACT
• Satellite system for localization based on image
processing and software that predicts satellite paths.
• Satellite availability is determined.
• Satellite prediction path is found by satellite tool kit
that simulate output.
• Video recording of antenna environment and
reconstruction of masking obstacles by simple image
processing analysis using two cameras.
ADVANTAGES
• Very low cost equipment.
• Number and identity of satellites above the vehicle can be
found.
DISADVANTAGES
• It won’t be accurate.
CONTRIBUTION TO OUR PROJECT
• satellite constellation.
 IEEE RECOMMENDED PRACTISE FOR
CBTC SYSTEM DESIGN AND FUNCTINAL
ALLOCATIONS
OVERVIEW
• Automated train control in the event of
data/equipment communication failure.
• CBTC wayside equipment consist of a network of
processor based wayside controller installed.
• Through communication equipment. it is
connected to the CBTC ATS equipment through
data communication equipment.
ADVANTAGES
• CBTC is more precise.
• High resolution train location determination, speed control.
DISADVANTAGES
• It does not ensures safety,security,health or environmental
protection in all circumstances

CONTRIBUTION TO OUR PROJECT

• Method for train location .
 CIRCUIT USED
• Micro controller circuit.
• Relay circuit.
• Temperature sensing circuit.
• IR based TX /RX.
• Cooling fan driver.
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
CIRCUIT
Micro controller simulated circuit
Micro controller simulated
output
CCS Embedded ‘C’ compiler
Programmer for loading hex files
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Thank you
Questions
?