BJQK 1103

MATHEMATICS FOR
TECHNOLOGY
TOPIC 1: ALGEBRA
SUBTOPICS:
• Introduction
• Identification of numbers and operations
• The equation and sketch the graph linear equations
• The shape of linear equations
• The slope of the linear equation
• Completion of the system of linear equations
• Use of linear equations - supply and demand
• Market equilibrium
• Analysis of breakeven
Introduction
• Natural numbers (nombor asli)
• Whole numbers (nombor bulat)
• Even numbers (nombor genap)
• Odd numbers (nombor ganjil)
• Prime numbers (nombor perdana)
• REAL NUMBERS (nombor nyata)
Operations
• Means add, subtract, multiply, divide, squaring, etc.

7 + (6 × 52 + 3)

what part should you calculate first?

Order of Operations
• P = Parentheses 6 × (5 + 3)
• E = Exponents (powers) 5 × 22
• M D = Multiply or Divide (left to right) 2+5×3
or 30 ÷ 5 × 3
• A S = Add or subtract (left to right)

• PEMDAS
• "Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally"
Positive and Negative Sign
Adding or Subtracting Multiplying or Dividing
Two like signs become 3+(+2) = 3 + 2 = 5 3×2=6
a positive sign
6−(−3) = 6 + 3 = 9 (−3) × (−2) = 6

7+(−2) = 7 − 2 = 5 3 × (−2) = −6
Two unlike signs become
a negative sign 8−(+2) = 8 − 2 = 6 (−3) × 2 = −6
The Basics of Algebra– Addition and
Subtraction
• A Puzzle
What is the missing number? -2=4

How to solve?
1) Work out what to remove to get "x = ...“
2) Remove it by doing the opposite (the opposite of subtracting is
adding)
The Basics of Algebra - Addition and
Subtraction
• Another Puzzle

Solve this one:

x + 5 = 12
Try this:
1) x + 2 = 6 6) 7 + y = 12

2) x + 5 = 11 7) y - 5 = 9

3) x - 3 = 8 8) 10 - y = 6

4) x - 8 = 7 9) x + 2½ = 10

5) y + 3 = 9 10)9 − x = 3½
The Basics of Algebra– Multiplication
and Division
• A Puzzle
What is the missing number? × 4=8

How to Solve
1. Work out what to remove to get "x = ..."
2. Remove it by doing the opposite (the opposite of multiplying is
dividing)
The Basics of Algebra– Multiplication
and Division
• Another Puzzle

Solve this one:

x / 3 = 5
The Basics

• How do we solve this?

x / 3 + 2 = 5
Try this:
1) 3x = 12 6) 3x - 2 = 7
2) 5x = 30 7) 2x + 5 = 13
3) 1 8) 5x - 1 = 19
9) 2(x + 3) = 10
4) 1
10) ½(y - 6) = 7

5) x/5 + 2 = 6
Linear Equation
• Equation of a straight line

y = mx + c
y = mx + c y = how far up
x = how far along
m = slope
c = value of y when x = 0
slope intersect c
(kecerunan) (pintasan)