SHRI DADAJI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE

Department of Civil Engineering

Topic- “Airport Engineering”

SUBMITTED BY:-
GUIDED BY:- SHIVAM TIWARI
MR. LAKHAN GOSWAMI CIVIL 8th Sem.
 Content

 Airport Engineering and related history

 Types of airports

 Factors affecting airport site

 Aircraft characteristic

 Layout of Airport

 Airport lightening
HARTSFIELD-JACKSON ATLANTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
 Airport Engineering
 It encompasses the planning, design, and construction of
terminals, runways, and navigation aids to provide for
passenger and freight service

 Airport engineers design and construct airports. They must

account for the impacts and demands of aircraft in their
design of airport facilities

 Proper airport site surveys and analysis are done about wind
direction and runway orientation to determine the size of
runway border and safety areas
 What is an Airport?

 An airport is a facility where passengers connect from ground

transportation to air transportation

 It is a location where aircraft such as airplanes, helicopters take off

and land

 An airport should have runway for takeoffs and landings, buildings

such as hangars and terminal buildings

 An Airport should be well facilitated with lights for safe handling of

air traffic
 What are Aerodromes?
 A defined area on land or water (including any buildings,
installations and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or
in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft
 Airport History
 The earliest aircraft takeoff and landing sites were grassy fields.

 The world's first airport was built in 1928 at Croydon near London
(England). It was the main airport for London till it was closed down
in 1959, after the World War II.

 The first air flight in India was performed in the year 1911 when a
Frenchman carried mail from Allahabad to Naini

 Indian National Airways was formed in 1933 and it introduced air

service between Karachi and Lahore
 ICAO

 The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), an

agency of the United Nations, codifies the principles and
techniques of international air navigation and fosters the
planning and development of international air transport to
ensure safe and orderly growth
 Types of Airports

 International Airport

 Domestic Airport

 Regional Airport
 International Airports
 An international airport has direct service to many other airports

 Handle scheduled commercial airlines both for passengers and

cargo.

 Many international airports also serve as "HUBS", or places where

non-direct flights may land and passengers switch planes.

 Typically equipped with customs and immigration facilities to

handle international flights to and from other countries.

 Such airports are usually larger, and often feature longer runways
and facilities to accommodate the large aircraft. (FBO, MRO etc..)
BEIJING INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
 Domestic Airports

 A domestic airport is an airport which handles only domestic flights

or flights within the same country.

 Domestic airports don't have customs and immigration facilities and

are therefore incapable of handling flights to or from a foreign
airport.

 These airports normally have short runways which are sufficient to

handle short/medium haul aircraft
 Regional Airports

 A regional airport is an airport serving traffic within a

relatively small or lightly populated geographical area.

 A regional airport usually does not have customs and

immigration facilities to process traffic between countries.

 Aircraft using these airports tend to be smaller business jets

or private aircraft (general aviation)
Louisiana Regional Airport, US
 Factors Affecting Airport
Site Selection
 Availability of Adequate Area

 Accessibility

 Topography, soil and drainage

 Availability of Construction Material

 Cost of development

 Maintenance cost

 Traffic volume and type of traffic

 Safety factors
 Aircraft Characteristic
 Size

• Span of wings

• Height

• Wheel base

• Tail width

 Minimum turning radius

 Take-off and landing distances

 Gross Take-off weight

 Tire pressure and contact area

 Range
Layout of Airport
 Components of Layout
 Runway

 Terminal Building

 Apron

 Taxiway

 Hanger

 Control Tower

 Parking
 Runways

 A runway is the area where an aircraft lands or takes off

 It can be grass, or packed dirt, or a hard surface such as

asphalt or concrete

 Runways have special markings on them to help a pilot in the

air

 It help them when they are landing or taking off

 Runway markings are white

 Terminal Buildings

 These buildings are the spaces where passengers board or

alight from flights

 It house all the necessary facilities for passengers to check-in

their luggage, clear the customs

 The terminals can house cafes, lounges and bars to serve as

waiting areas for passengers

 Large airports can have more than one terminal

 Apron
 Aircraft aprons are the areas where the aircraft park
 They vary in size from areas that may hold five or ten small
planes, to the very large areas that the major airports have
 Taxiways

 A taxiway is a path on an airport connecting runways with

ramps, hangars, terminals and other facilities. They mostly
have hard surface such as asphalt or concrete, although
smaller airports sometimes use gravel or grass
 Control Tower

 A tower at an airfield from which air traffic is controlled

by radio and observed physically and by radar
 Parking
• Parking is a specific area of airport at which
vehicles park
 Runway lightening

 These lights are used to assist pilot in to identify the runway

 GREEN THRESHOLD LIGHTS : Line the runway edge

 RED LIGHTS : Mark the end of runway

 BLUE LIGHTS : Run alongside taxiways

 While runways have YELLOW or WHITE lights marking their

edges
Thanks for Watching
ANY QUERIES ?
 Reference
 Airport Engineering Book by Rangwala
Slide share