The

Research
Problem
Types of Research Questions
1 Conceptualize that a 2 This general
research study can
ask three types of classification
questions: scheme helps not
• Descriptive only with the design
question of the study, but
• Relationship also in choosing the
question type of data analysis
• Difference
question
procedure
 Descriptive
Question
• Seeks to describe phenomena or characteristics of a
particular group of subjects being studied
• Answers the question “what is”
• Asking questions of the research participants
• Testing or measuring their performance
• Survey research
Example:
What are the attitudes of rural parents toward the inclusion of sexuality
education in the school curriculum? (Welshimer & Harris, 1994)
 Relationship
Question
• Investigates the degree to which two or more variables
are associated with each other
• Does not establish “cause-and-effect”
• Only identifies extent of relationship between variables

Example
Is there an association between self-esteem and eating behaviors
among collegiate female swimmers? (Fey, 1998)
 Difference
Question
• Seeks to make comparisons between or within groups of
interest
• Often associated with experimental research
• Is there a difference between the control group and
the experimental group?
• Comparison of one group to another on the basis of
existing characteristics
Example
Does participation in Special Olympics affect the self-esteem of
adults with mental retardation? (Major, 1998)
 Problem
Distillation
• The process of refining the question or idea into a
problem and making it sufficiently specific so that it is
amenable to investigation
• This process should lead to the development of a
“statement of the problem” that is clear, concise, and
definitive
 Writing the Title of
Investigation
There are some functions that the title serves as it is used
in a study among which are the following:
1. It draws, in summary form, the content of the entire
investigation.
2. It serves as a frame of reference for the whole thesis.
3. It enables the researcher to claim the title as his own.
4. It helps other researchers to refer to the work for
possible survey of theory.
 In view of these functions,
the researchers should:

• Write the title clearly and specifically.

• The main concepts should be included.

• The variables being investigated should by all means be

written as part of the title.

 The list below presents titles in the left
column. Note that in the second column
these titles have been improved.
1. A Study of the Relationship 1. IQ, Socio-Economic Status,
between IQ, Socio-Economic Personality, Work Values, and
Status, Personality, Work Career Preferences Among
Values, and Career Preference Fourth Year High School
Students of Catbalogan City

2. A Comparison of Grade IV 2. Self – Concept and Parent

Gifted and Non-Gifted Children Identification Among Grade IV
Gifted and Non – Gifted Children
in the Division of Catb. City
3. Homeroom Guidance and 3. The Effect of Homeroom
Study Habits and Attitudes of Guidance on the Study Habits of
Grade IV Pupils. Grade IV Pupils in Two High
Schools of Division of Catb. City

4. Mobile Gaming Behaviour of 4. Peer and Other Influences on

Grade 9 Students Gaming Behavior Among Grade
9 Students in Catb. City

5. Verbal Creativity Among Senior 5. Verbal Creativity Among Senior

High School Students. High School Students in Selected
Strands in Samar National School
Evaluation: Improve the following
research titles.
1. The Relationship of Parental Behavior and Personality to
Problem Behavior
2. The Relationship Between Creativity and Music
Achievement
3. A Study of Power Styles of Principals and Head Teachers
4. The Effect of Training Program on the Visual Sequential
Memory fo Deaf Children.
Research Presentation End