Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
ABDOMEN
Anatomy
Quick word on
Fascia of the anterior abdominal wall
Fascia around kidneys
Peritoneam
Serous membrane
Divided into parietal and
visceral
Parietal peritoneum lines
anterior, lateral and
posterior walls peritoneal
cavity
Visceral peritoneum lines
all the organs
that are intraperitoneal.
Embryology
Mesentries divide coelomic cavity into R + L halves
Upper abdomen
Stomach + gut suspended in the middle
Liver in the ventral mesentery
Covers the
inferior aspect of
diaphragm and is
reflected onto the
liver and the abdominal
part of the esophagus
After the liver is enclosed,
it extends from the porta
hepatis as a double layer
(lesser omentum) to the
lesser curvature of the
stomach
Course
It encloses the stomach,
reaches the greater
curvature of stomach and
extends as a double layer
(greater omentum) down
into the abdominal
cavity,loops back up to the
transverse colon.
From there the transverse
mesocolon is formed, which
joins the post abdominal
wall on the anterior aspect
of the pancreas
Course
Double layer devides into
single layers
one which runs superiorly over
the post abdominal wall and
reflected onto the bare area
of liver
The other runs inferiorly over
the post abdominal wall to
cover the pelvic organs and join
the peritoneum of the anterior
abdominal wall.
The post peritoneal layer of the
post abdo wall is interrupted as
it’s reflected from the
duodenojejenal to ileocaecal
junction to form the mesentery
of the jejenum and ileum
Blood supply of the peritoneum
To the parietal peritoneum
Lumbar vessels
viscera.
Peritoneam
Peritoneal spaces
Peritoneal reflections including ligaments
Mesentry
Omenta
Peritoneal Spaces:
Peritoneal cavity devided
by transverse colon and
mesocolon into:
Supramesocolic
compartment
Rightand Left
supramesocolic spaces
Inframesocolic compartment
Devided by root of
smallbowel mesentery
Right and Left inframesocolic
spaces
Right supramesocolic space
Devided into:
Right subphrenic space
Diaphragmatic surface of R
liver from falciform ligament
medially to coronary ligament
postero-infer
Right subhepatic space
Subdevided into ant + post
spaces (Morrison’s pouch)
Communicates with R
paracolic gutter + R infracolic
space
Lesser sac
Left supramesocolic space
Devided into:
Ant left perihepatic
space
Post left perihepatic
space (gastrohepatic
recess)
Anterior left
subphrenic spaces
Posterior left suphrenic
spaces
Imaging
RSP: R subphric S
LSP: L subphrenic S
LPC: L paracolic S
Devided by
gastropancreatic fold
(left gastric artery)
Superior recess
Encloses caudate lobe
Left Gastric artery: Arrow
Inferior recess
Liesbetween stomach GHL: Gastro hepatic lig
and pancreas SHS: Subhepatic S
LSs: Sup recess LS
Lsi: Inf recess LS
Foramen of Winslow
Post: IVC
Ant: free edge of lesser omentum containing
portal vein, hepatic artery, CBD
Sup: Caudate lobe
Inf: 1st part of duodenum
Right inframesocolic compartment
Bounded by:
Transverse mesocolon
Falciform ligament
From anterosup surface of liver to diaphragm + ant
abdominal wall
Carries lig Teres (obliterated umbilical vein) in free
edge
Continues with fissure for lig venosum
Peritoneal ligaments
Phrenicocolic ligament
From splenic flexure to diaphragm
Continuous with transverse mesocolon + splenorenal lig
Splenorenal ligament
From pancreatic tail to splenic hilus
Transmits splenic vessels
Peritoneal ligaments
Hepatoduodenal ligaments
From flexure between 1st + 2nd part of duodenum to
porta hepatis
Transports portal triad
Duodenocolic ligament
From R colic flexure to descending duodenum
Continuous with transverse mesocolon
Imaging
Imaging
Broad ligament of the uterus
Wide fold of peritoneum that connects the sides of the uterus
to the walls and floor of the pelvis
Broad ligament of the uterus
Subcomponents:
Mesometrium- the mesentery of the uterus; the
largest portion of the broad ligament
Mesosalpinx- the part that surrounds the
Fallopian tube
Mesovarium- the part that connects the anterior
surface of the ovary to the remainder of the
broad ligament.
Mesentries
Small bowel mesentry
Broad fan shaped fold
Conects jejunum + ileum to post abdominal wall
Continuous with:
Gastrocolic ligament: largest component
Gastrosplenic ligament: to splenic hilus
Gastrophrenic ligament
Lesser Omentum
Attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach, prox
duodenum and the liver
Subdivided into:
Gastrohepatic ligament
Transversalis fascia
2: Superficial layer
3: Deep layer
8: Transversalis fascia
Superficial fascia
Single layer superiorly containing variable
ammounts of fat
Inferiorly devides into superficial and deep layers
Superficial layer (Fascia of Camper):
Passes over inguinal ligament
Continuous with superficial fascia of the thigh
Continues in the scrotum as the fascia of Dartos
Superficial fascia