CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS

FROM THE REGION

Felix Matthew C. Danofra
ARTS
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What is art?
• A venue for one to
convey or express
thought, emotions or
aspiration
• Reflects the artist and
society
What is art?

• A means of
communication
 Contemporary Art
• Artwork produced in the present
• Covers a broad diverse content
• From the second half of 20th Century to
present
• Arts and messages
• Less is more
• Themes include: identity politics, the body,
globalization and migration, technology,
contemporary society and culture, time and
memory, and institutional and political
critique.
 Modern Art
• From 1860s to 1970s
• Impressionism and
Cubism
• Vincent van Gogh, Paul
Cezanne, Paul
Gauguin, Georges
Seurat and Henri de
Toulouse-Lautrec
Country Road in
Provence by Night
Pablo Picasso’s “Weeping Woman” and
Vicente Manansala’s “Balut Vendor”
STYLES/MOVEMENTS OF ART
 Realism

• Subject is
done the way
it actually
looks.

By Arceli Dans
 Distortion
• Artist uses
imagination and
alters the subject
according to own
desire.

By Norma Belleza
 Non Objectivism

• There is totally no
subject at all – just an
interplay of pure
elements like line,
shape or color, etc.
ELEMENTS OF ART
 Line
• Extension of point, a short or
long mark drawn or carved
on a surface.
• Direction: Vertical,
horizontal, diagonal
• Character: Jagged, curved,
series of dots or broken lines
Space
• Defined as a void, an
emptiness which can
either be positive or
negative.
• Positive space refers to
a space enclosed in a
shape and negative
space denotes the
opposite.
Shape and Form
• The ends of a line meet.
• Described as a figure
separate from its surrounding
area or background.
• Shape is two-dimensional
while form is three-
dimensional.
• Created by visible Color
wavelengths of
light caught in a
prism.
• A mixture of
organic or
synthetic
substance called
pigments.
• Created a mood or
tone.
Value
• The degree of
lightness and
darkness of a
color.
• Suggests an
atmosphere or
mood.
 Texture
• Surface of an
artwork.
• Can be actual (felt
by touch) or
tactile (illusory).
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
 Harmony
• Pleasing arrangement of
parts and the agreement
between parts of a
composition, resulting in a
united whole.
Variety
• Assortment or
diversity of an art
work.
• Produced to prevent
monotony and
uniformity in the
environment.
Rhythm
• The regular, repeated
pattern in the elements of
art.
• Flow or feeling of
movement that can be
achieved by the distribution
of visual units in time.
 Proportion
• Elements in an artwork
should have a
relationship with one
another.
 Balance
• The distribution of weight. Principle that deals
with equality.
• Formal Balance – symmetrical balance, refers
two sides that are identical to each other.
• Informal Balance – asymmetrical balance,
refers to two sides not identical to each other
yet in visual weight.
Movement
Emphasis and Subordination
• Gives
importance
or
dominance
to a unit or
an area.
 VISUAL ARTS
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VISUAL ARTS
A wide array of artistic
disciplines that are
appreciated primarily
through sight. Includes
the different art forms
and disciplines such as
fine arts, decorative arts
and contemporary arts.
• Fine Arts – readily associate with art. Art forms
created primarily for their appearance rather than
their practical use.
• Decorative Arts – both aesthetically pleasing and
functional. Not only concerned with beauty and
aesthetics, but useful as well.
• Contemporary Art Forms – New unusual art
forms that could not be easily categorized
between fine arts and decorative arts. Include
recently conceived art styles and techniques that
are avant-garde or experimental in nature.
 PAINTING
Created on a flat surface.
Made by applying pigment
on a prepared surface using
typically one or a
combination of the
following tools: brush,
palette knife, spray, finger,
etc.
DIFFERENT PAINTING THEMES
 Religious Themes
Subject for the artwork during the Spanish period.
Many religious themed paintings can be seen in the
murals of many churches.
Four Evangelist in Concepcion, Malabon
Renato Habulan’s
San Cristobal, Laguna, Philippines
Nuestra Señora de la Soledad de Porta Vaga, Cavite
Nuestra Señora de los Dolores de Turumba, Pakil, Laguna
“Hapag ng Pag-asa” by Joey Velasco
 Historical Themes

Paintings that depicts Historical events.

“Filipino Struggles through History” by Carlos “Botong Francisco
“Babaylan”
“The First Baptism” by Fernando Amorsolo
“España y Filipinas”

by Juan Luna
“The First Mass”
 Portraiture

Used to commemorate personalities and are seen

in many formal institutions. Started with the rise
of the illustrados during Spanish colonial period.
Imelda Marcos
Unfinished Portrait by
Fernando Amorsolo
Rodrigo R. Duterte by
Macky Bongabong
 Still Life

Portrays inanimate objects. Traditionally

composed of a basket or bowl of fruits and
flowers on vases.
 by
Paz Paterno
 by
Ang Kiukok
 by
Vicente Manansala
 Landscapes

Depict the beauty of the outdoors. It can be that

of the natural environment such as the
countryside and other rural scenery.
 “Seascape”
by
Matino Abellana
“Landscape 1935” by Fernando Amorsolo
“Barrio Scene with Carabaos” by Diosdado Lorenzo
 Nude

Rare in the Philippines before 20th Century but

has since been an accepted and popular subject
in Philippine contemporary visual arts.
 “Lavandera”
by
Fernando Amorsolo
“Male Nude” (1971)
by
Benedicto “BenCab”
Cabrera
 “Nude”
by
Cesar Legaspi
 Genres
Showcase people doing everyday activities and
chores.
Boxer Codex (1590)
 SCULPTURE
Artworks that are three-
dimensional.
Traditionally divided
into two – free-standing
and relief.
 Free-standing Sculpture
Also known as in the round, are sculptures that
are raised independently in their given space. It
can only be observed from all points of view.
 Reliefs
• Raised from a background.
• Bas-reliefs or low reliefs – slightly protruding
from their background.
• High Reliefs – prominently raised against their
background, giving the sculpture mre
dimentionality.
Retablo of Sts. Peter and John Parish,
Potrero, Malabon
Rizal Monument
Pre-colonial Sculpture
Torogan
Bulul
Sunduk
Spanish Colonization
San Bartolome de
Malabon
San Jose de
Navotas
La Purissima
Concepcion de
Malabon
American Occupation – Contemporary Period
Sergio Osmena
 Chief Justice
Cayetano Arellano
Commonwealth
Arc
Our Lady of Peace,
EDSA Shrine
DECORATIVE ARTS
AND CRAFTS
 POTTERY
The art and craft of making pots and other wares
using clay or mud. Serve as food container and
water vessels, and some are for formal, ritualistic
and burial.
Manunggul and Maitum Jars
Burnay
Calatagan Pot
 CARVING
An art of manipulating and creating objects by
subtracting and shaping solid material such as
wood and stone.
Okir/Ukir
Sarimanok
Pedal Loom
Backstrap Loom
Inabel (Kind: Binakol)
Ikat (Dyeing Technique)
T’nalak – created by Dream Weavers
Batak of Palawan
Mats of Basey, Samar
 METALWORK
Art of creating and manipulating metal to create
various items such as jewelry, weapons, etc.
Gongs
Gador
Pukpok of Pampanga
CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
Cannot be easily classified and categorized
following the traditional definitions and some are
products of new technological advancement and
cannot be categorized using the traditional
definition.
 COLLAGE
Method of combining
printed images with
other flat media and
pasting them on a
canvass or board.
 ASSEMBLAGE
Term used by French artist
Jean Dubuffet in 1952 to
describe a series of artworks
made from paper collages,
wood scraps and other found
objects. Assemblage is often
blur the distinction between
painting and sculpture.
 MOBILE
• Sculptural work that is
suspended from the ceiling or a
protruding base.
• Pioneered by the Alexander
Calder
• An example of a kinetic
sculpture since it is moving due
to its interaction with the wind.
 PERFORMANCE ART
A mix of visual and performing arts
 COLLAGE
Involves the arrangement of objects in a given
space by incorporating different materials.
PERFORMING ARTS
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 PERFORMING ARTS
When artist use their voices and/or their body
movements to communicate artistic expression.
• Music – The manipulation of sound and silence. It
is performed by utilizing different instruments,
vocal techniques and styles.
• Dance – a regulated and deliberated order of body
movements. These movements have aesthetic
value and are often performed accompanied by
music.
• Theater – involves the integration and
combination of the visual and performing arts.
MUSIC • Filipinos love music.
• No celebration is
complete without
music.
• Filipino music is
heavily influenced by
Western culture.
• Singing styles differ
from one ethnic group
to another.
MUSIC
• In mid-20th
century, vernacular
language was used
and creation of
wholly original.
MUSICAL FORM
KUNDIMAN
• A product of Spanish
colonization.
• It signifies love and
affection for someone
• Harana – a traditional
courtship ritual in the
Philippines wherein a suitor
serenades his object of
affection
 BALLAD
• A song that narrates
an event in a
community.
• In modern times,
the term ballad has
been applied to
describe love songs
CHAMBER MUSIC
• A form of instrumental
music composed by a
small ensemble wherein
each part is played by
one player.
CHORAL MUSIC
• A musical composition
intended to be
performed by a group
of singers called a
choir. It is arranged
according to voice
categories – soprano,
alto, tenor and bass.
LITURGICAL MUSIC
• Intended for Christian
church services.
• The Graduale Romanum
• Vatican Council II
Document: “Musicam
Sacram”
 OPERA
• A combination of
music and theatre
• It is sung-drama that
entails collaborative
efforts of singers,
dancers, composers
and choreographers,
etc.
 POP MUSIC
• Music that is readily
available to the broad
populace.
• It is an umbrella term that
encompasses a multitude of
different genres of music –
RnB, Rap, Rock, Hiphop
• Popular sometimes low
quality
 PINOY FOLK
MUSIC
• A genre of Pinoy pop that is
heavily influenced by the
musical style of Western folk
singers.
• Accompanied by classical and
acoustic guitars, and their
messages are often
commentaries about society.
PROTEST SONGS
• Songs that bring to light
injustices, inequality and
societal issue.
• These seek to inspire
nationalism and heroism from
their listeners.
• Used in protest movements
and sometimes it tackles
environmental issues.
DANCE • Popular in the
Philippines. It is a
way to bond and share
our talents with the
rest of the community.
• Indigenous dances are
influenced by
experiences and
events in the
community
DANCE • In the Spanish era,
many indigenous
ritualistic dances were
adapted as vehicles of
veneration to the
different figures in
Christianity.
• Social dances were
influenced by
European influence.
DANCE • During the American
colonization is the
start of contemporary
dance in the country.
• The Philippines was
exposed to Afro-
Cuban dance – tango,
samba, mambo, cha-
cha.
DANCE
• On the 20th Century,
European Classical
Ballet was introduced
to Filipino
DANCE FORM
AEROBIC DANCE • Dance routine made
into exercise program.
• Usually accompanied
by upbeat pop music.
• Three phases:
(1) warm-up,
(2) aerobic dance
(3) cooldown
• Dance that follow strict
set of moves and BALLET DANCE
performance.
• Modern Ballet – uses
traditional ballet
techniques and style set
to contemporary ideas
and subject.
• Opera Ballet –
combines dance and
song
 BALLET DANCE
• Folkloric Ballet – a
performance that
presents subjects and
themes based on the art
and culture of a
community.
 FOLK DANCE
• Performed by various
cultural groups throughout
the country.

• Often performed during

rituals, festivals fiestas and
other community
celebrations.
FOLK DANCE
• Cordillera
• Western-influenced
• Rural/Countryside
• Lumad/Indigenous
• Muslim
 STREET DANCE
• Used to describe
vernacular dances or
dances that developed
organically within the
community.
THEATER
• “The Ultimate Art”
• The Development of
Contemporary theater
arts in the country
parallels to other
performing arts
THEATER ARTS THROUGH
PHILIPPINE HISTORY
S • It was used with other disciplines of art
to spread Christianity.
P
• Sarswelas – showcased love stories of
A the upper class with comedic situations.
N • Moro-moro – a comedy of battle of
I Christian vs. Muslim
S • Tibag – story of how Empress Helena
found the true cross.
H
AMERICAN
• Bodabil – a stage
show which is a
precursor of modern-
day variety show.
• Introduce the
appreciation of art
thru educational
system