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Jainism
GROUP 4
8-KAMIA
Jainism
OVERVIEW
Jain
Symbol
Siddhas
Right Faith, Knowledge,
and Conduct
Manushya
Human Being
Dev
Heavenly Being
Tiryancha
Animals, Plants, Etc.
Narki
Hellish Being
Ahimsa Hand
Teachings of the 24
Tirthankars
Mutual Support and
Interdependence
OVERVIEW
INTRODUCTION
FIRST AND
FOREMOST,
JAINISM
IS A
RELIGION
OF THE
HEART
Jainism was born in
India about the same
period as Buddhism
Introduction (500 B. C.).
It was established by
Mahavira (c. 599 -
527 BC)
In many senses
Jainism is similar to
Buddhism. Both
developed as a
Introduction dissension to the
Brahmanic philosophy
that was dominant
during that period in
north-east India.
Jainism begins with a
serious concern for
the human soul in its
relationship with the
laws governing
Introduction
existence in the
universe, with other
living beings, and to
its own future state
in eternity.
The golden rule is
Ahimsa or nonviolence
in all parts of a
person - mental,
Introduction
verbal, and physical.
Jains have deep
compassion for all
forms of life
Jainism offers a
quiet, overwhelmingly
serious way of life,
a cultural insistence
on compassion, a
Introduction
society of ethics
that has dramatically
changed the world and
will continue to
effect change.
Jainism is an
ecologically
responsible way of
Introduction life which is
nonviolent in
thought, action, and
deed.
OVERVIEW
HISTORY
Originating on the Indian
subcontinent, Jainism --
or, more properly, the
HISTORY Jain Dharma -- is one of
the oldest religions of
its homeland and indeed
of the world.
Jainism has prehistoric
origins dating before
HISTORY 3000 BC, and before the
beginning of Indo-Aryan
culture.
Jain religion is unique
in that, during its
existence of over 5000
years, it has never
HISTORY
compromised on the
concept of nonviolence
either in principle or
practice.
It upholds nonviolence as
the supreme religion
(Ahimsa Paramo Dharmah)
and has insisted upon its
HISTORY
observance in thought,
word, and deed at the
individual as well as
social levels.
The holy text Tattvartha
Sutra sums it up in the
HISTORY phrase "Parasparopagraho
Jivanam" (all life is
mutually supportive).
Jain religion presents a
truly enlightened
perspective of equality
of souls, irrespective of
HISTORY differing physical forms,
ranging from human beings
to animals and
microscopic living
organisms.
Humans, alone among
living beings, are
endowed with all the six
senses of seeing,
HISTORY hearing, tasting
smelling, touching, and
thinking;
...
...
thus humans are expected
to act responsibly
HISTORY towards all life by being
compassionate, egoless,
fearless, forgiving, and
rational.
OVERVIEW
IMPORTANT
FIGURES
OF JAIN
LEGEND
The Jains developed
their own legendary
history, the Deeds
of the 63
Illustrious Men,
which Western
IMPORTANT
scholars call the
FIGURES
Universal History.
OF JAIN
LEGEND
The most important
figures in this
history are the 24
Tirthankaras,
perfected human
beings who appear
IMPORTANT from time to time to
FIGURES preach and embody
OF JAIN the faith.
LEGEND
IMPORTANT
FIGURES OF JAIN
LEGEND
Other important figures
in the history are from
the Hindu tradition,
most notably Krishna—
regarded by the Jains as
a cousin of the 22nd
Tirthankara,
Arishtanemi—and the hero
Rama, who is treated as
a pious, nonviolent
Jain.
By incorporating yet
redefining such
important Hindu
figures, the Jains
were able to both
remain part of and
IMPORTANT separate from the
FIGURES surrounding Hindu
OF JAIN world.
LEGEND
OVERVIEW
ABOUT
MAHARIVA
ABOUT MAHARIVA
MAHAVIRA JUST
LIKE BUDDHA
ISN’T THE FIRST
PROPHET OF HIS
RELIGION.
ABOUT MAHARIVA
And neither of
these religions
their religious
philosophy around
worship.
Vegetarianism is a
way of life for a
Jain, taking its
origin in the concept
of compassion for
living beings.
BELIEFS:
VEGETARIANISM The practice of
vegetarianism is seen
as an instrument for
the practice of
nonviolence and
peaceful, cooperative
coexistence.
Jains are strict
vegetarians, consuming
only one-sensed beings,
primarily from the plant
kingdom.
BELIEFS:
VEGETARIANISM While the Jain diet
does, of course, involve
harm to plants, it is
regarded as a means of
survival which involves
the bare minimum amount
of violence towards
living beings.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
The religious Jains
will do everything
possible to prevent
hurting any being.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
They won’t walk in
fields where there are
insects to prevent the
possibility of stepping
on them.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
They also cover their
mouth to prevent the
possibility of
swallowing small
invisible microbes.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
They mostly do not work
in professions where
there is a possibility
of killing any living
being like in
agriculture instead
professions like
banking and business.
BELIEFS:
ADDITIONAL
INPUT
But it is not clear
what came first,
businessmen who adopted
Jain philosophy because
it was easy for them to
follow or Jainish
philosophy which
convinced the Jains to
adopt non violent
professions.
RECAP
STATISTICS
AND
INFORMATION
FOUNDER OF JAINISM
Parshva Mahavira
Full Name Parshvana Mahavira
Date of
≈ 877 BC ≈ 600 BC
Birth
Varanasi,
Place of Uttar,
Bihar India
Birth Pradesh,
India
Date of
771 AD ≈ 527 BC
Death
Place of
India
Death
FOUNDER Parshavanatha founded
OF Jainism
JAINISM Mahavira was revived and
reorganized/established
Jainism
CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM
Jainism is a religion and a
way of life. Jains have five
core practices that derive
from the Anuvrata (lesser
vows) that laypeople take and
the Mahavrata (great vows)
that monks and nuns take:
CORE PRINCIPLES OF
JAINISM
NIKKOLAS KARYLLE
CALIBO CABAHUG
QUESTION
AND
ANSWER
QUESTION ONE
What is Jainism?
QUESTION TWO
Where was Jainism
born and when?
QUESTION THREE
Who established
Jainism and when?
QUESTION FOUR
What is the proper
name of Jainism?
QUESTION FIVE
Jainism upholds ______ as
the supreme religion?
QUESTION SIX
Where was Mahariva born? What
caste did he belong in?
QUESTION SEVEN
How did Mahariva die?
QUESTION EIGHT
What are the two philosophies of
Jainism? What are their differences?
QUESTION NINE
What practice is seen as an instrument
for the practice of nonviolence and
peaceful, cooperative coexistence?
QUESTION TEN
Jains are strict vegetarians, consuming
only ______ beings, primarily from the
plant kingdom?
Romano, Donnamarie.
“Philosophy of
Religion.” Jainism, 2001,
REFERENCES: http://www.qcc.cuny.edu/social
sciences/ppecorino/phil_of_rel
igion_text/CHAPTER_2_RELIGIONS
/Jainism.html
Dundas, Paul, and Ralph Stroll
G. “Jainism.” Encyclopedia
Britannica,
REFERENCES:
https://www.britannica.com/top
ic/Jainism. Accessed 15 Jan.
2020.