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BUDDHISM

Group 2
Key Concepts
◦ Buddhism is a spiritual tradition that focuses on personal spiritual development and the
attainment of a deep insight into the true nature of life.
◦ Buddhism is a way of finding peace within oneself. It is a religion that helps us to find
the happiness and contentment we seek.
◦ Buddhists develop inner peace, kindness and wisdom through their daily practice; and
then share their experience with others bringing real benefit to this world. They try not to
harm others and to live peacefully and gently, working towards the ultimate goal of
pure and lasting happiness for all living beings.
◦ It has 376 million followers
◦ There is no belief in a personal god. Buddhists believe that nothing is fixed or
permanent and that change is always possible.
◦ Buddhism is 2,500 years old
◦ The two main Buddhist sects are Theravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism, but
there are many more
◦ Theravada - 'the doctrine of the elders‘
◦ Mahayana - talks a great deal about the bodhisattva (the 'enlightenment being') as
being the ideal way for a Buddhist to live.
◦ The path to Enlightenment is through the practice and development of
morality, meditation and wisdom.
◦ Buddhism arose in northeastern India
◦ NIRVANA (transcendent freedom)
◦ ATMAN (“self” or “soul”)
◦ YOGA (“union”)
◦ KARMA (“causality”) – refers to action driven by intention (cetanā) which leads to
future consequences.
◦ Eight Path Folds – an early summary of the path of Buddhist practices leading
to liberation from samsara, the painful cycle of rebirth.[2][3]
◦ TILAKHANA, or the three signs of existence. - Buddhists believe that life is both endless
and subject to impermanence, suffering and uncertainty.
◦ SIDDHARTHA GAUTAMA – Buddha
The Buddha
◦ Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, was born into a royal family in
present-day Nepal over 2500 years ago. He lived a life of
privilege and luxury until one day he left the royal enclosure and
encountered for the first time, an old man, a sick man, and a
corpse. Disturbed by this he became a monk before adopting
the harsh poverty of Indian asceticism. Neither path satisfied him
and he decided to pursue the ‘Middle Way’ - a life without luxury
but also without poverty.
◦ Buddhists believe that one day, seated beneath the
Bodhi tree (the tree of awakening), Siddhartha became
deeply absorbed in meditation and reflected on his
experience of life until he became enlightened.
◦ By finding the path to enlightenment, Siddhartha was
led from the pain of suffering and rebirth towards the
path of enlightenment and became known as the
Buddha or 'awakened one'.
BASIC DOCTRINES IN
BUDDHISM
The Three Jewels
◦- these are the core concepts of Buddhism.
◦1. THE BUDDHA – the perfection gained from
enlightenment, as exemplified by the life and
actions of Gautama Buddha.
◦2. DHARMA – refers to the teaching of Buddha,
which consists of the 4 Noble Truths, Eightfold
path and the FIVE Precepts
The Three Jewels
◦- these are the core concepts of Buddhism.
◦3. SANGHA – the monastic community which
guides believers toward achieving
enlightenment and perfection.
The Four Noble Truths
◦ The Truth of Suffering
◦ The Buddha declared that this world if full of suffering; that actual existence including
birth, decrepitude, sickness and death is suffering and sorrow. This is called the Truth of
Suffering.

◦ 2. The Truth of the Cause of Suffering


◦ The cause of human suffering lies in ignorance and Karma. Ignorance and its resulting
Karma have often times been called "desire" or craving. The Buddha declared:
Verily it is this thirst or craving, causing the renewal of existence, accompanied by
sensual delight, seeking satisfaction now here, now there - the craving for gratification
of the passions, for continual existence in the worlds of sense.
◦ The Truth of the Cessation of Suffering
◦ The extinguishing of all human ignorance and Karma
results in a state known as Nirvana. This is the Truth of the
Cessation of Suffering.

◦ The Truth of the Path to the Cessation of Suffering


◦ The Truth of the Path to the Cessation of Suffering is the
Noble Eight-fold Path.
Eight-Fold Path (Middle Way)
◦ Right Understanding - Perceiving life and the world in their true
state and correct knowledge of the Four Truths in Buddhism
◦ Right Thoughts - Preventing immoral and harmful ideas and
instead filling one’s mind with thoughts of compassion and
abandonment of material possessions.
◦ Right Speech - Practicing honesty and kindness in one’s words,
abstaining from gossip and meaningless talks
◦ Right Conduct/ Action – Refraining from killing, stealing, and
sexual misconduct instead practicing compassion, contentment
and chastity.
◦ Right Livelihood - Renouncing the ways of earning income that
put the lives of other in danger, including the use of firearms, and
slave trade
◦ Right Effort - Preventing the emergence of immoral thoughts and
abandoning immoral thoughts
◦ Right Mindfulness - Being aware of the different aspect’s of one’s
existence including the PHYSICAL BODY, thoughts, and emotions..
◦ Right Meditation/ Concentration - Being able to steer oneself
away from distractions and seeing clearly with one’s mind.
FIVE PERCEPTS OF BUDDHISM
◦to abstain from taking life
◦to abstain from stealing
◦to abstain from sensuous misconduct
◦to abstain from lying/ false speech
◦to abstain from buying and selling alcoholic
substances.
Impermanence (Anicca)
◦“Nothing remains constant”

◦Buddha teaches awareness and


mindfulness that things are CONSTANTLY
CHANGING.
◦And that the present moment should be
valued
◦Meditating on Imparlance enables the
person to do the following:
◦1. Understand impermanence in a deeper
way, beyond the intellectual level
◦2. Learn to refrain from attachment
◦3. Control and let go of anger
◦4. Comprehend the reality and essence of
emptiness.
Law of Dependent Origination
◦The universe functions through a
cause and effect mechanism-
every single phenomenon can be
attributed to a certain set of
conditions.
BRANCHES OF
BUDDHISM
Branches of Buddhism
◦Theravada Buddhism
◦ -Traditional Buddhism
◦ -Believes in Siddharta Gautama as the only true
Buddha
◦ Emphasizes Monasstic living to achieve Nirvana.
◦ Strict in Observing all the Buddhist doctrines of the
Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, and 5 Precepts
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
◦Also believes in the core beliefs of Buddhism
◦- Places emphasis on the idea that “everyone
can become Buddha (enlightened)
◦Through the aid of Bodhisattvas
Branches of Buddhism

◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great


Vehicle)
◦Bodhisattvas – individuals who
aid other individuals to attain
enlightenment.
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-virtues to be cultivated to strengthen
practice and bring one to
enlightenment.
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-1. Generosity
2. Morality
3. Patience
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-4. Effort
-5. Meditation
-6. Wisdom
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-Generosity – willingness to give
material possessions
-Protecting others from danger
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-Morality– refrain from killing, lying,
- perform acts of compassion and love.
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-Patience– avoid negative thoughts
and actions
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-Effort– focus on achieving a goal,
and working to improve oneself.
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-Meditation- gain wisdom to better
understand life
Branches of Buddhism
◦Mahayana Buddhism (Great Vehicle)
-The Six Paramita (Perfection)
-Wisdom– understanding that
nothing is permanent, and
everything in the universe is caused
by another.
HOLY SYMBOLS
Dharma Wheel (Dharmachakra)
◦- symbolizes
Samsara
◦Represents the
eightfold path
Assignment

◦What are the


similarities and
differences in
Hinduism and
Buddhism?

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