BUILT ENVIRONMENT &

SPATIAL CULTURE
Lecture 9, 28-03-2014
Carl Gustav Jung (1871 – 1965)
Jung was chosen by Freud to succeed him in his psychoanalytic
empire! However Jung disagreed with Freud on several issues:

•Dream interpretation
•The scope and extension of the unconsious
•The significance of sex and sexuality in a person’s life
• The Rational vs Spiritual debate

Jung was eventually expelled from Freud’s circle and formed his
own branch of psychoanalysis called Analytic Psychology

Concept of Collective Unconscious

A part of the unconscious mind, shared by a society, a people, or all humankind, that is the product of ancestral experience
and contains such concepts as science, religion, and morality.

Freud’s unconscious Jung’s unconscious

• Personal • Collective, universal

• Subjective
• Consists of images, memories, feelings and ideas
which were once conscious but are now
repressed, meaning not directly accessible to
consciousness
• Psychologically created after birth of the
individual
• Objective
• Consists of motifs, ideas, images, personalities,
moods, places, visions and spirits we have never
known in day-to-day life
• We are born with this, predates the individual
 Concept of Archetype:an archetype is an inherited pattern of thought
derived from the past experience of the whole race and present in our
unconscious minds––Cinderella might be an archetype for girls in our
culture

Archetypes are autonomous structures within the collective

unconscious. They are patterns and symbols that keep recurring world-
wide in all people's psyche and have been reappearing from time
immemorial. We know them from myths, fairy tales, sagas, legends
and stories told the world over. A myth is in fact "a dream being
experienced by a whole culture.” Inevitably archetypal figures appear
in personal dreams which closely resemble mythic figures, which leads
to a natural interest in experience of religion as a psychological
phenomenon.
Freud had assumed the unconscious to be a personal
thing contained within an individual. Jung, on the other
hand, saw the personal unconscious mind as sitting atop
a much deeper universal layer of consciousness, the
collective unconscious – the inherited part of the human
psyche not developed from personal experience.
Forms of Archetypes
• The Shadow
The 'shadow', which is always of the same sex, is the dark side of
the person, characterized by inferior, uncivilized or animal qualities
which the 'ego' wishes to hide from others. It is not wholly bad
however, but primitive and unadapted; it can vitalize life if honestly
faced up to.All the demonic things by which human beings betray
their inhumanity to other beings. We encounter it in other people,
things and places where we project it.

• The Anima & Animus

Anima in men and Animus in women, or, the Soul, and is the route
to communication with the collective unconscious. It represents
our true self.A perfect partnership between man and woman can
occur when not only are our physical forms compatible but also
the anima and animus. Thus you might find your soul-mate.

• The Self
It does not refer to the individual self but to the whole of the
personality; ego, consciousness personal and collective
unconscious. For Jung, the self is not just 'me' but God. It is
the spirit that connects and is part of the universe. It is the
coherent whole that unifies both consciousness and
unconsciousness. It may be found elsewhere in such principles
as nirvana and ecstatic harmony.
Other Archetypal characters

Family archetypes
• The father: Stern, powerful, controlling
• The mother: Feeding, nurturing, soothing
• The child: Birth, beginnings, salvation
Story archetypes
• The hero: Rescuer, champion
• The maiden: Purity, desire
• The wise old man: Knowledge, guidance
• The magician: Mysterious, powerful
• The earth mother: Nature
• The witch or sorceress: Dangerous
• The trickster: Deceiving, hidden
Animal archetypes
• The faithful dog: Unquestioning loyalty
• The enduring horse: Never giving up
• The devious cat: Self-serving