GLOBAL AND INDIAN SCENARIO Of

BIODIVERSITY

KULSOOMA RASHID
M.SC Ist sem.
 BIODIVERSITY
 Biodiversity generally refers to the variety and
variability of life on earth.
 United nations Earth Summit in Rio de janeiro defined
biodiversity as: the variability among living organisms
from all sources, including terrestrial, marine and
other aquatic ecosystems and ecological complexes of
which they are part. This includes diversity within
species between species and of ecosystems.
 GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY
 Approximate numbers of species(plants ,animals, microorganisms)which have been
identified and described from all over the world (Gibbs,w. 2001) are as follows:

MAJOR TAXONOMIC GROUPS NUMBER OF IDENTIFIED SPECIES

Higher plants 270,000
Algae 40,000
Fungi 72,000
Bacteria(including cyanobacteria) 4,000
Viruses 1,550
Mammals 4,650
Birds 9,700
Reptiles 7,150
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MAJOR TAXONOMIC GROUPS NUMBER OF IDENTIFIED SPECIES

Fishes 26,950
Amphibians 4,780
Insects 1,025,000
Crustaceans 43,000
Molluscs 70,000
Nematodes and other worms 25,000
Protozoa 40,000
Others 1,10,000

 The known and described species of all organisms on the earth is

between 1.7 and 1.8 million which is fewer than 15% of the actual
number. About 61% of the known species are insects.
 Biodiversity of India
 India is one of the 12 mega biodiversity countries of the world.
 Each of the 10 biogeographic zones of the country has
characteristic biota and broadly represents similar climatic
conditions and constitutes the habitat for diverse species of
flora and fauna.
 Based on a survey of about two third of the geographical area
of the country, the Ministry of Forest and Environment reported
that India have at present about 45,000 plant
species(representing about 7% of the world flora) and 77,000 of
animal species(6.5% of the world Fauna) about 6.5% of the
global biodiversity.
 Floristic diversity (including bacteria and fungi) of
India:
Groups Number of species
Bacteria 850
Fungi 23,000
Algae 25,00
Bryophytes 2,564
Pteridophytes 1,022
Gymnosperms 64
Angiosperms 15,000/17,500
Lichens 1,600
 Faunistic diversity of India:
Groups Number of species
Insects 57,525
Lower groups 9,214
Molluscs 5,042
Fishes 2,546
Birds 1,228
Echinoderms 765
Reptiles 428
Amphibians 204
Mammals 372
Protochordates 116
Hemichordates 12
 Importance of biodiversity

 Maintaining balance of ecosystem.

 Provision of biological resources.
 Social benefits.
 Recreational values.
 Bibliography

 Khan T.L.,Dhari N.A Ajmi 1999: global biodiversity conservation

measures.,
 Wikipedia
Thank you…