International Organization

for Standardization

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Apparel Quality Management – PG. Diploma in GMT – III Semester
ISO – International Organization for Standardization

• International Organization for

Standardization is a worldwide
federation of national standards
bodies from some 100 countries, one
from each country.

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• ISO is a non governmental organization
established in 1947.
• The mission of ISO is to promote the
development of standardization and related
activities in the world with view to facilitating
the international exchange of goods and
services, and to developing cooperation in the
sphere of intellectual, scientific, technological
and economic activity.

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 Need for ISO
• The existence of non-harmonized standards for
similar technologies in different countries or regions
can contribute to so called “technical barriers to
trade”.
• Export oriented industries have always felt the need
to agree on world standards to help international
trade. This was the origin of the establishment of
ISO.
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• International Standardization is now well
established for very many technologies in such
diverse field as information processing and
communications, textiles, packaging,
distribution of goods, energy production and
utilization, ship building, banking and financial
services.

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 ISO 9000 Series Standards
• The ISO 9000 series is a set of five individual,
but related, international standards on quality
management and quality assurance.
• They are generic not specific to any particular
products. They can be used in the
manufacturing and service industries

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 ISO 9000 Series Standards
• Quality Management and Quality Assurance Standards –
ISO 9000 Guidelines for Selection and Use

• Quality Systems – Model for Quality Assurance in Design,

ISO 9001 Development, Production, Installation, and Servicing

• Quality Systems – Model for Quality Assurance in

ISO 9002 Production, Installation and Servicing

• Quality Systems – Model for Quality Assurance in Final

ISO 9003 Inspection and Test

• Quality Management and Quality System Elements –

ISO 9004 Guidelines

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 ISO 9000 Series Standards

• These standards were developed with the goal of effectively

documenting the quality system elements to be implemented
in order to maintain an effective quality system in a company.
• These standards seek to ensure that a company has in place
necessary organization, commitment and systems to
consistently meet defined quality and performance standards.

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• It is important to recognize that these
standards do not set or define quality levels;
the setting of the quality levels or
performance standards is very much up to the
company, depending on the needs of the
market place and the requirements of its
customers.

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 How does the series work ?
• ISO 9000 is the road map for the series.
• Its purpose is to provide the user with the guidelines for
selection and use of ISO 9001, 9002, 9003 and 9004.
• ISO 9001,9002, and 9003 are actually successive subsets of
each other.
• ISO 9001 is the most comprehensive covering design,
manufacturing, installation, and servicing systems, and it
covers 20 elements of company operations.
• ISO 9002 covers production and installation, and ISO 9003
covers only final product inspection and test.

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 Elements of ISO 9000 Standards
1. Management responsibility 12. Inspection and test status
2. Quality System 13. Control of nonconforming product
3. Contract Review 14. Corrective and preventive action
4. Design Control 15. Handling, storage, packaging,
5. Documents and data control preservation and delivery
6. Purchasing 16. Control of quality audits
7. Customer-supplied product 17. Internal quality audits
8. Product identification and 18. Training
traceability 19. Servicing
9. Process Control 20. Statistical Techniques
10. Inspection and Testing
11. Control of Inspection, measuring,
and test equipment
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 Who is using ISO 9000 ?

• Corporations around the world have been building

and continue to build their quality systems around
these standards.
• Both large and small companies with international
businesses perceive the ISO 9000 series as a route to
open markets and improved competitiveness. One
doesn’t have to be a multinational corporation to
benefit from implementing these standards.

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What does being registered to ISO 9001, 9002 or
9003 mean ?
• Being registered to ISO 9001, 9002 or 9003 means having an
accredited independent third party conduct, an on-site audit
of your company’s operation against the requirements of the
appropriate standard.
• Upon successful completion of this audit, your company will
receive a registration certificate that identifies your quality
system as being in compliance with ISO 9001, 9002 or 9003.
• You may publicize your registration and use the third party
registrar’s certification mark on your advertising, letterheads,
and other publicity materials, but not on your products.

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Advantages of Implementing or registering to
these standards
• These standards can used as a vital management tool to improve
quality and productivity and save costs.
• As a company beings to implement ISO 9000 standard, it forces all
the employees to review the current practices in a variety of areas
of the company operations and improve them as an effort is made
to comply with the requirement of the standard.
• It forces consistency in procedures and practices and thereby brings
discipline in operations, resulting in reduced variability, which is the
key to process improvement.
• It generates greater awareness of quality at various levels and
across functions within a company.

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• It helps identify opportunities for reducing errors and
improving quality and productivity.
• As a company goes through registration process quality and
productivity improves.
• ISO 9000 registration can be used as a marketing tool, and a
competitive advantage.
• Being registered to ISO 9000 Standard will result in reduction
in multiple audits / assessments as customers are increasingly
accepting supplier quality system registration / certification
from an accredited third party.
• Being registered to ISO 9000 standards offers worldwide
credibility as a company having good quality system in place.

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