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Water

pollution
Submitted By :
Bayar Shawkat
Soran Najeb
Sherwan Ibrahim
Hawyar Jawhar
Outline
1. how much water exists in our planet ?
2. why we say water is a life ?
3. What is a water pollution ?
4. What are the main Causes of Water Pollution ?
5. How can polluted water effect on (human health & animlas ) ?
6. Diseases of water pollution in History .
7. How water become polluted ?
8. What are the Types of water pollution ?
9. What is a water treatment ?
10.How to treat a water ?
1
The Earth is a watery place. But how
much water exists on and in our
planet?

2
About 71 % of the Earth's surface is water-covered,
and the oceans hold about 96.5 % of all Earth's water.

Water also exists in the air as water vapor, in rivers and


lakes, in icecaps , in the ground as soil moisture and in
aquifers

And also Up to 60% of the human adult body is water


2 why we say water is a life?

our body uses water in all its cells, organs, and tissues
to help regulate its temperature and maintain other
bodily functions.

Because your body loses water through breathing,


sweating, and digestion, it's important to rehydrate
by drinking pure water and eating foods that contain
water to keep your body a life

so it is very important to keep water clean To survive


on life
3
What is a water pollution?
Water pollution is any chemical or physical or
biological change in the quality of water

that can be toxic and has a harmful effect on any living


thing that drinks or uses or lives in it.

It is also contamination of water bodies such as lakes,


rivers, seas, oceans, as well as groundwater.
4 Causes of Water Pollution

 Industrial waste
 Sewage and wastewater
 Mining activities
 Natural causes
 Accidental oil spill
 The burning of fossil fuels
 Chemical fertilizers and pesticides
 Leakage from sewer lines
5 HOW can polluted water effect on
1- animals
-Pollution in the water can reach a point where there isn't enough oxygen in
the water for the fish to breathe. The fish can actually suffocate!

-Small fishes absorb pollutants, such as chemicals, into their bodies. Then
Birds or other animals may eat the fishes and be harmed by the pollutants.so
it may die too, Sometimes pollution affects the entire food chain.

-Sewage can also cause major problems in rivers. Bacteria in the water will
use oxygen to break down the sewage. If there is too much sewage, the
bacteria could use up so much oxygen that there won't be enough left for the
fish.
how can polluted water effect on
2- Human Health
Dirty, polluted water can make human sick and is especially
tough on young children. Some bacteria and pathogens in water
can make people so sick therefore they can die

Arsenic in water – causes liver damage, skin cancer and


vascular Diseases

Lead in water – can accumulate in the body and damage


the central nervous system.

Nitrates in water – are especially dangerous to babies that


drink formula milk. It restricts the amount of oxygen in the
brain and cause the “blue baby” syndrome.
6 History
in 1850s was a first discovered of Acid rain, was problem
resulting from coal-powered plants. The release of human-
produced sulfur and nitrogen compounds negatively
impacted plants, fish, soil, forests

In 2,August, 1990 when Iraqi army occupation Kuwait and


spilling 60 million barrels of oil. Over ten million cubic
meters of soil. A major groundwater aquifer and two fifths
of Kuwait's entire freshwater reserve, remains
contaminated to this day.
History
on 7 November 2007 between San Francisco and Oakland,
California, in which (202,780 L) of heavy fuel oil, spilled into
San Francisco Bay and thousands of fish and birds die

around 70% of China’s lakes and rivers are now polluted from
industrial waste, leaving 300 million people ‘forced to rely on
polluted water supplies.'”

580 people die daily in India due to water pollution

Tens of millions of people in Bangladesh have been exposed to


arsenic from contaminated groundwater
7 TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION
based on source
1. Natural

Sometimes water pollution can occur through natural causes like


volcanoes, algae blooms, animal waste, and silt from storms and
floods that bring a contaminants and pollute a water .
TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION
based on source
2.Human activity

most water becomes polluted by human activities.


These include: throwing sewage and industrial waste
into rivers and oceans, using harmful fertilizers, and
even littering
8 Types of water source pollution

01
Surface water pollution

Groundwater pollution
02 Rain water pollution

03
surface water
pollution
When a ocean , lake, seas, become
pollutant by enter a undesirable
substance from factory and oil spill and
sewage it called surface water pollution
Types of surface water pollution
1- Pointed source
1- Non point source
Point source water
pollution involves pollutant NPS pollution is harder to
s that are identify and harder to
discharged from any address. It is pollution that
identifiable, singular source, comes from many places,
such as a pipe, ditch, drain, all at once.
channel, tunnel, conduit,
well, container, or vessel.
2019
35% Non-pointed

65% pointed
Ground water pollution
contamination occurs when man-made
products such as gasoline, oil, road salts,
sewage, and chemicals get into
the groundwater and cause it to become
unsafe and unfit for human use.

Materials from the land's surface can


move through the soil and end up in
the groundwater.
Rain water pollution
Acid rain is caused by a chemical
reaction that begins when
compounds like sulfur dioxide and
nitrogen oxides are released into the
air.

These substances rise very high into


the atmosphere, where they mix and
react with water, oxygen to form
more acidic pollutants, known
as acid rain
9 Water treatment

Water treatment is any process that removes


contaminants and undesirable components
or reduces their concentration

and improves the quality of water to make it fit


or more acceptable for a specific end-use.

The end use may be drinking, industrial water


supply, irrigation
10 Type of water treatment
1- Physical treatment
such as distillation and filtration

2- chemical treatment
such as precipitation and neutralizing
filter

3- biological treatment
such as aerobic and anaerobic .
Physical treatment
1- Distillation is one of the oldest methods of water treatment
and is still in use today, distillation can remove up to 99.5 % of
impurities from water, including bacteria, metals, nitrate, and
dissolved solids in this method Water is boiled and the resulting
steam is collected and cooled to water in a separate chamber
that called distilled water, Generally, distillation is used to
supply water only for drinking or special uses.

2-Membrane separation is a family of filtration processes in


which feed water is forced through a semi-permeable barrier
(membrane) at high pressure to separate specific materials
from the solution
chemical treatment

1-precipitation :chemical precipitation in water


treatment is the change in form of materials
dissolved in water into solid particles. Chemical
precipitation is used to remove ionic constituents
from water by the addition of counter-ions to
reduce the solubility.

2-neutralizing filter : is used if drinking water is


acidic (low pH). It is a simple treatment device that
raises the pH of water by adding a neutralizing
material. However, it should be noted that the
neutralization process may increase water
hardness.
biological treatment

1- Aerobic treatment is typically applied to


efficiently treat low strength wastewater (COD <1000 mg/L)
when the treatment requires the presence of oxygen.

2- anaerobic treatment is typically applied


to treat wastewater with higher organic loading (COD >4000
mg/L). While oxygen is absent
Newest method of water treatment

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=32Xb1qZ1Acs&feature=youtu.be
No water
No life….
No blue
No green….

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