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Security Level: Internal Use

PS Precautions and
Emergency Measures for
Large Traffic
www.huawei.com

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Co., Ltd. HUAWEI Confidential


 Introduction
 Network Insight
 Capacity Assessment
 Emergency Measures

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Introduction of Key Events
New Network Water-splashing
Olympic Games Hajj F1 Universidad
Launch Festival

World Cup European Cup Ramadan Oktoberfest Auto Show APEC Submit

Huge users concentrated in a Peak period continued


specific area a long time
Key Event
Characteristics
Large-scale users move High significant to attract
frequently attention

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 Introduction
 Network Insight
 Capacity Assessment
 Emergency Measures

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Module of PS Network Inspection
Network Inspection

Signaling Storm evaluation Traffic Mode Safety check


Changement Analysis Anti-Attack Charge Anti-Spoofing Check
GU Network Signaling Storm Evaluation  HOST configuration check
Configuration Check
 x-online-host configuration
LTE Network Signaling Storm Evaluation check
 DNS port spoofing risk check
 URL Configuration risk check
Operation Layer

KPI Analysis
Network Scheme check
Basic KPI Analysis ( Basic check )
Network Disaster Tolerance
KPI Fault Reason Analysis
Configuration Check Check
Drop KPI Analysis

Network Architecture And Preformance Layer


Service Affect Configuration
SA Configuration Check
Basic check  Aging time of the quintuple
Check
 Device Running Status Check  USN related high risks check
 Effectiveness of Layer 3/Layer 4 rules
 Version/Patch Check  UGW related high risks check
 EOX Check
 Effectiveness of Layer 7 rules
 Link Status Check  Rule conflict in user profiles
 Precaution & Rectification Check  ……
 Active Alarm Check
 Routinely Configuration Check
Basic Network Layer

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Overview of PS Network Inspection
Item Sub-item Description
Mainly check the hardware status, including board status, rack/subrack status, clock
Device Running Status Check
status and NTP status .etc.

Version/Patch Check Check patch or version whether recommended.

EOX Check Check the EOX status of software and hardware.


Basic Check
Link Status Check Check logical link status of each interface

Precaution & Rectification Check Check the precaution or rectification whether closed.

Active Alarm Check Check the active alarms in the system, espacially major and critical alarms.

Routinely Configuration Check Check the inteafce parameters and software parameters

Check the service awareness related configurations, including rule effectiveness, rule
Configuration Check SA Configuration Check
conflict, recommended configurations .etc.

Service Affect Configuration


Check hidden high risks according to configuraion and version.
Check
Check physical interface status, interface redundancy configuration and ospf related
Network Configuration Check
Network Scheme configuration.
Check Check disaster tolerance configuration according to device, port, link and neighbor
Disaster Tolerance Check
devices.

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Overview of PS Network Inspection
Item Sub-item Description
Check the basic KPI whether over the baseline, for example 2/3 attach success rate,
Key KPI Evaluation
PDP activation success rate, etc.
KPI Analysis
Fault Reason Analysis According to the CHR, do the deep analysis for the fault reason

Drop KPI Analysis According to the CHR, do the deep analysis for drop KPI.
GU Network Signaling Storm Check 'Smartphone Abnormal Signaling Reduction' feature whether enable and the
Signaling Storm Evaluation 2/3G flow control configuration.
Evaluation LTE Network Signaling Storm Check 'LTE Precise Paging' feature whether enable and the 2/3G flow control
Evaluation configuration.

Traffic Mode Traffic Model Changement Compare live network traffic model with the old one to find the difference between
Changement Analysis Analysis them, give a warning about the traffic model change.
Anti-Attack
Anti-Attack Configuration Check Check the anti-attack related configuration to prevent the attack from outside
Configuration Check
Charge Anti-Spoofing
Charge Anti-Spoofing Check Check the charge spoofing related configurations in case of fee loss
Check

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Check Items and Methods of Info Collection
Check Items :

Check Items

Methods of info collection :


Feedback all the information according to following guide 。

Info Collection
Guide

Information Type USN UGW CG DNS


Original Info from VTS inspection
VTS Inspection report MBB inspection report DNS inspection report
Inspection tools report
Info from
VTS info-collection PS toolkits info-collect VTS info-collection NA
collection tools
Info from According to the list in According to the list in
NA NA
manually collect the guide the guide

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Tools
Name Link Remark

Please install the latest VTS tool and adapters


http://support.huawei.com/carrier/navi#col=software&from=prod version , otherwise rules of some items may be
VTS uct&path=PBI1-21262245/PBI1-21435125/PBI1-21435910/PBI1- wrong or missing.
19975005/PBI1-6221483

http://support.huawei.com/carrier/navi#col=tool/3rdtool&path= Please install the latest MBB inspection tool ,


MBB CONTOOL-29-7/CONTOOL-00025435/CONTOOL-00057412/CONTOOL- otherwise rules of some items may be wrong or
00066879 missing.
http://support.huawei.com/carrier/navi#col=tool/3rdtool&path=
PS Toolkits CONTOOL-29-7/CONTOOL-00025435/CONTOOL-00057412/CONTOOL- Please download the latest PS toolkits
00059956

http://support.huawei.com/carrier/navi#col=tool/3rdtool&path= Please download


FMA CONTOOL-29-7/CONTOOL-00025435/CONTOOL-00057412/CONTOOL- OMStar_PS_FMA_NPI_V200R006C00SPC400
00059956 _pc

The Video Introduction of PS Inspection Tools Using Guidance made by network insight
team
http://3ms.huawei.com/hi/group/2034629/thread_4587929.html?
mapId=4313299&for_statistic_from=all_group_forum

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PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide of Each Module
Network Insight Module Delivery Guide Method Tools
Basic Check PS Network Inspection Delivey Guide-Basic Check By Tools VTS/MBB
Network Configuration Check PS Network Inspection Delivey Guide-Network Configuration Check By Tools VTS/MBB
Anti-Attack Configuration Check PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-Anti-Attack Configuration Check By Tools VTS/MBB

Charge Anti-Spoofing Check PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-Charge Anti-Spoofing Check By Tools MBB
SA Configuration Check PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-SA Configuration Check By Tools MBB
Disaster Tolerance Check PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-Disaster Tolerance Check Manually NA
Service Affect Configuration PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-Service Affect Configuration Check Manually NA
Check
Traffic Mode Changement PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-Traffic Model Changement Analysis Manually FMA
Analysis
Capacity Assessment PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-Capacity Assessment Manually NA
KPI Fault Reason Analysis PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-KPI Fault Demarcation Manually FMA
Drop KPI Analysis PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-KPI Fault Demarcation Manually FMA
GU Network Signaling Storm PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-Network Signaling Storm Evaluation Manually NA
Evaluation
LTE Network Signaling Storm PS Network Inspection Delivery Guide-Network Signaling Storm Evaluation Manually NA
Evaluation
Hyperlink for each guide made by network insight team
http://3ms.huawei.com/hi/group/2034629/thread_4631637.html?mapId=4588637&order=asc&p=0#id-
27638141

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 Introduction
 Network Insight
 Capacity Assessment
 Emergency Measures

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PS Core Resource Capacity
Management Solution
1 Live Network traffic model output 2
Resource utility ratio Audit
Audit based on CPU

Performance
Mean Attach Numbers@
SGSN Traffic Model BH(K)
Board Signaling process Audit
Resource Audit Algorithm
Periodic
Data Network resource
Network traffic model Audit Mean Activated PDP
Contexts@ BH(K) Monitoring
Utility ratio
Exceed Baseline Audit
NO
Traffic @ BH (Mbps)
Attach Requests @ BH(K)
Configuration PDP Activate Requests YES
GGSN Traffic Model @BH
Periodic
…… Report
3 Monitor Risk
Deep Audit of Resource utility & Audit
Report
User Behavior Analyze
Identification
4
Smartphone Analyze
Service Plan/ Huawei
Marketing/ PS Network Resource NO NPM
New Service/
User Num Forecast
Requirement Plan
Resource Bottlenecks Solution Future
YES
Forecast
Network
5 Traffic Model Forecast Resource Forecast 7 Design
6 Report
Mar-Jun
Development trend Optimization Resource
Network Adjustment advice
Traffic Model
Analyze
Target Resource 网络调整建议
advice Requirements
Network Adjustment
Forecast
Ternimal/User
Behavior Analyze
GSN
Traffic Forecast
Resource Forecast
Implement Report
Model Algorithm

Global Benchmark Report Report


Optimization
NO
Recommends
YES
8 Network Adjustment Comfortable

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Resource Capacity Assessment&Optimization
 Assessing resource usage of the existing network and issuing timely pre-
warning.
 Assessing system capacity of the current configurations based on the current or
predicted traffic model and providing customers with clear conclusion of system
capacity of the core network.
 Accessing
Assessing device resources
existing required
Assessing user fortraffic
number and specific
model user number
Assessing and
systemspecific Optimization
network resource usage capacity
traffic model and providing reference for customer to make development plans.
SGSN/GGSN(hardware Extracting traffic model Current
and logic resource User Board 、 links
configura number optimization
USN/UGW(hardware Traffic model trend tion Resourc
and logic supported adjustment
 Traffic model change trend e usage
by current
 Reference target network Target model
resources Board 、 hardware
CG(hardware and logic) model traffic
capacity expansion
 Global traffic model model
benchmark Resource
Signaling(TDM 、 IP) Provide proposals
Resourc configurati of resource
Extracting user number e usage on required requirements
Optimizing the user model for the
planes of interfaces User number change
Target target
Associated resources trend user traffic
of the neighboring NEs  User number change number model
trend
Resource status  New 3G user plan
Summarization  2G-to-3G user plan

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Resource Capacity Audit & Optimization
Tool
---OMStar PS
Traffic Model Assessment

Data Resource SGSN/USN traffic model GGSN/UGW traffic model

Performance Resource Capacity Assessment


MML
License SGSN/USN Capacity GGSN/UGW Capacity

Interface Bandwidth Assessment

SGSN/USN Interface GGSN/UGW Interface

Live Network Assessment


Future Network Forecast

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How to get OMSstar
 Suitable for : ATCA SGSN/USN/GGSN/UGW
 Get the tool from this link:
http://support.huawei.com/carrier/navi#col=software&det
ailId=PBI1-21561575&path=PBI1-7851894/PBI1-
7899527/PBI1-7275918/PBI1-21465740/PBI1-8946900

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How to use OMStar
 1. Choose Network Optimization---Capacity Evalution
 3. Choose double click the created project to enter ca
evalution module.

 2 .Choose Create, and then fill the basic information for


the project
 4. Export the report based on the live network

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How to read the report
• After running OMStar, we can get the following reports.

• Content of the
Item
report(USN): Sub-item Description
Assessment Method Describe the methods in this report.
Introduction Assessment Assumptions Assummptions for busy hours and SPP.
Assessment Baselines
Network Element Version NE versions
Assessment Assessment Summary Summery according to assessment results
Summary Assessment Conclusion Conclusion according to assessment results

Information About the Live Performance statistics on the live network and Traffic Model on the
Network Live Network

Assessment of License Resources/Assessment of Static


System Resource Resources/Assessment of Signaling Processing Resources
Assessment /Assessment of Data Forwarding Resources/Assessment of
Resource Capacity Compositive Resources
Assessment
Resource Balance The assessment objects are the main service processes (GBP, SPP,
Assessment SGP, LLP, and GTP)
This section describes the loading rate used in the bandwidth
Interface Bandwidth calculation, and the components of the loading rate, such as protocol
Assessment encapsulation efficiency, peak-to-average ratio, and physical
bandwidth usage, and their relationships.
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How to read the report
• Main Conclusion of the
report:

Assessment Live Network Specification Usage Ratio Baseline


Item Performance
Total Subs (K) 505.93 1296 39.04% Specification value is the minmum
Total PDPs (K) 344.91 886 38.93%
Total 130.27 975 13.36% among the Assessment of
Throughput
(Mbps)
70% License/Static/Signaling/Data
EPU(User 272.44 2000 13.62% forwarding
Plane PDP
Number)(K)

USN Capacity USN Capacity


Assessment Report Assessment Report Detail report

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 Introduction
 Network Insight
 Capacity Assessment
 Emergency Measures

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved


Page 19
Introduction of emergency measures
 Emergency measure now mostly based on customize script
of Contingency plan
 Differentiate the scenario by network element such as
BSC/RNC,OCS,DNS
 More signaling storm emergency measure will be added into
the follow-up guides.

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BSC Fault
Type Product Item scenario Implement Condition Effection & Affection
Try the following three ways :
1 ) Notify the peer BSC to reset the faulty NSE entity
(Recommended).
2 ) If the reset operation from the peer BSC is unavailable or
failure,run RST SIGBVC for the faulty BSCs on the USN9810 to make the If all the faulty BSCs are not located on the same Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810
initial signaling entity between BSS and SGSN synchronous.(Not ECU are abnormal
Recommended)
3 ) Remove and reconfigure the configuration of faulty BSC on the
USN9810 again.(Not Recommended)

Switch over the ECU boards on the USN.


BSC Fault If all the faulty BSCs locate on the same ECU Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810
are abnormal
Run the following command on the USN9810 to limit the bandwidths Check whether the BSC is overloaded based on
User data traffic of MS',It is suggested set the bandwidth to be 64 kbit/s. BSC-related alarms. If the BSC is overloaded, Decrease the network overload due to huge traffic
USN9810
limitation degrade the QoS. of service

1)enable the flow control of Gr interface: If the SGSN is overloaded , Implement the flow
Signalling Traffic
USN9810 2 ) enable the flow control of GBP process control first and then Block the BSCs and then To ensure Gr interface overload can recoevr SASP
Flow Control
3 ) block BSC(Suggest the Operate be done from BSS side) unblock them one by one to reduce SGSN's load.

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RNC Fault
Type Product Item scenario Implement Condition Effection & Affection

Run the following commands on the USN9810 to deactivate and then Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810 If the faulty RNCs locate on different ECU board
activate the faulty links are abnormal

Try to recover the fault after equipments or links


Fault Recover USN9810 Switch over the ECUs : If the faulty RNCs locate on same ECU board
are abnormal

If the faulty RNCs locate on the same interfaces Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810 Bind the faulty RNCs to the normal EPU board:
of EPU back board. are abnormal

If Direct Tunnel is enabled, change Direct Tunnel to two tunnels to If Direct Tunnel is enabled, GTPU Path between Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810
avoid GTP-U path faults between the RNC and the GGSN. RNC and GGSN is abnormal are abnormal
RNC Fault
Adjust the loads by changing linkset selection masks and link When service damage occurs due to unbalanced Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810
selection masks. sending loads between different links, are abnormal

Check whether the RNC is overloaded based on RNC-related alarms. If


the RNC is overload, implement paging flow control.
Signalling Traffic Decrease paging message count sended to
USN9810 1.enable the "Stop Paging" If the RNC is overload
Flow Control RNC.Then RNC signalling load will reduce
2.If the RNC's load can not be recovered after enable s"top
paging",enable the flow control of with period of one minute
If the SGSN is overload, Implement the flow
User data traffic 1.users traffic lilmitation is triggered. control firsnt and then Block the RNCs and then Decrease the network overload due to huge traffic
USN9810
limitation 2.Block RNC and recover one by one. unblock them one by one to reduce the load of of service
SGSN

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eNodeB Fault
Type Product Item scenario Implement Condition Effection & Affection
1 ) Wireless side try to reset the faulty eNodeB
2 ) If the reset from eNodeB is unavailable or failed, Run the following
command on the USN9810 to reset the S1 links which connects to the
faulty eNodeB.
If all the faulty eNodeBs are not located in the Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810 3 ) Remove and Reconfigure the faulty eNodeBs on the USN9810
same ECU or EPU board are abnormal
4 ) Switch over the public node transmission devices between the
USN9810 and the faulty eNodeBs if the problem casued by
transimision Part.
Contact the transmission side for trouble shooting.
If the links from one ECU to the eNodeBs are all faulty, switch over the
eNodeB Fault Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810 ECUs on the USN If all the faulty eNodeBs located in the same ECU
are abnormal

Switch over the faulty EPU: Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810 If all the faulty eNodeBs located in the same EPU
are abnormal
Soaring DDN leads 4G paging overload-enable
Signalling Traffic Decrease 4G paging message count, then EnodeB
USN9810 The LTE Precise Paging feature is under license control. Apply for the LTE Precise Paging ( V900R012C00SPH300 to
Flow Control signalling load will reduce.
license before activating this feature. V900R013C00SPH225)
1. For 4G,block the eNodeB from RAN first(Suggested) If the USN9810 is overload,enable the flow
Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Fault Recover USN9810 2. When there is no recovery solution from network side,apply for the control first,block the eNodeB and unblock one
are abnormal
way that limit the source address of some network by one to reduce the load.

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HLR/DNS/GGSN Fault
Type Product Item scenario Implement Condition Effection & Affection
1.Suspect that the fault result from Gr interface
Signaling,enable the flow control on the Gr interface
2.If the HLR or STP is still overloaded, block some BSCs/RNCs
and then unblock them one by one;
RAN side implement the block and unblock operation,if RAN
side can't implement,please block and unblock the BSC/RNC
Signalling Traffic Refer to the senario of BSC/RNC fault of this document.
USN9810 Congestion of Gr interface Decrease Gr interface load.
Flow Control 3. Reset the faulty HLR or STP;
4.If the sending load of the links are unbalanced (which causes
link overload and services are affected), change linkset HLR(Gr) Fault
selection masks.
5.If the receiving load of the links are unbalanced (which
causes link overload and services are affected), Ask the the
peer NE to handle.
Deactivate and then activate the faulty links Try to recover the fault after equipments or
Fault Recover USN9810 Link failure of Gr interface
links are abnormal
Switchover the process SPP and SGP Suspect fault result from
Try to recover the fault after equipments or
Fault Recover USN9810 Board/Process,switch over the
links are abnormal
Board/Process of the the faulty link
RAN side implement the block and unblock operation,if RAN
side can't implement,please block and unblock the BSC/RNC If the GGSN is overloaded, implement the
basing on the BSC/RNC fault of this document. flow control by blocking the BSCs/RNCs Try to recover the fault after equipments or
Fault Recover USN9810
on the SGSN and then unblock them one links are abnormal
by one.
GGSN Fault
Direct APN to normal GGSN Try to recover the fault after equipments or
If the GGSN is down, bypass the faulty
Equipments By links are abnormal.
USN9810 GGSN: configure hostfile on the SGSN to
Pass Make the serivce accesss to normal
direct APN to the normal GGSN
GGSN/UGW
1. delete the records in the DNS cache: Try to recover the fault after equipments or
Equipments By Suggest to bypass a DNS fault,switch from
USN9810 2. switch from the active DNS to the standby DNS links are abnormal.
Pass the active DNS to the standby DNS
Use normal DNS server.
Configure the local hostfile for bypassing a DNS fault:
1 ) Run the following command to restore GSM and UMTS
service configurations (form the domain name according to
APN NI and APN OI, IP address is configured based on the live DNS Fault Try to recover the fault after equipments or
Equipments By network) Suggest to bypass a DNS fault,configure links are abnormal.
USN9810
Pass 2 ) Restore LTE service configurations (For selecting SGW, the local hostfile for bypassing Use local hostfile in order to eliminate fauty
form the domain name according to TAI; for selecting the P- DNS effect.
GW, form the domain name according to APN, IP address is
configured based on the live network)):

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POOL network Fault
Type Product Item scenario Implement Condition Effection & Affection
Set the migration parameter: Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
An SGSN9810/USN9810 in a pool is faulty and
1 ) start the migration task of 4G are abnormal.
Equipments By Pass USN9810 you can log in to the LMT of the faulty
2 ) Start the migration task of 2/3G Make the service access to normal SGSN/USN
SGSN9810/USN9810.
SASP.
POOL Network
A USN9810 in a pool is faulty. You cannot log in Make the services not access to this fauty USN
Equipments By Pass USN9810 Disabling the S1, Iu, or Gb port on the CE Fault
to the LMT of the faulty USN9810. when equipments or links are abnormal.

Try to recover the fault after equipments or links


Start migration task on the USN An MS
Equipments By Pass USN9810 are abnormal.
C in a pool is faulty.
Make the serivce accesss to normal MSC.

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AAA/OCS network Fault
Type Product Item scenario Implement Condition Effection & Affection
The Radius load can be reduced by restricting the authentication message
rate ( the maximum number of messages send to the accounting server for
each SPU Instance per second ) The Raduis server is overloaded and the
Signalling Traffic Decrease the network overload due to huge traffic
UGW9811 authentication message exists between UGW and
Flow Control the Radius server. of service

The Radius load can be reduced by limiting the accounting message rate Raduis AAA Fault
Signalling Traffic Decrease the network overload due to huge traffic
UGW9811 between the UGW and the Radius server ( The maximum number of The Radius server is overloaded.
Flow Control messages sent to the billing server for each SPU-instance per second ) . of service
Bypass the faulty Radius server.
1,If authentication function is enabled between UGW and Radius server,we
should disable this function at first;If not,go to step 2 directly Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Equipments By Pass UGW9811 If can not recover by above action.
2,Disable wait-accounting-response of radius server and continue server are abnormal.Do not use abnormal Raduis server.
when response timeout from radius server
Signalling Traffic Adjust WAL value for flow control Decrease the network overload due to huge traffic
UGW9811
Flow Control If OCS is overload. of service
Bypass the faulty OCS. OCS Fault
Try to recover the fault after equipments or links
Equipments By Pass UGW9811
If can not recover by above action. are abnormal.Do not use abnormal OCS.

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PCRF/DNS/resources network
Fault Type Product
Set WAL value
<UGW>system-view
Item scenario Implement Condition Effection & Affection

[UGW]pcc-view
[UGW-pcc]pcrf test host
Signalling Traffic Decrease the network overload due to huge
UGW9811 test.node.epc.mnc000.mcc460.3gppnetwork.org realm
Flow Control epc.mnc000.mcc460.3gppnetwork.org ip 10.31.242.146 port 3868 If PCRF is overload , adjust WAL value for traffic of service
10.31.242.150 port 3868 vpn GX-VPN wal 100 flow control

Bypass the faulty PCRF


For PS10.X version :
<UGW>system-view
[UGW]pcc-view Pcrf Fault
Equipments By [UGW-pcc]pcc-failure-action initial-pcrf-down rollback local local- Decrease the network overload due to huge
UGW9811 pcc update-pcrf-down rollback local local-pcc If can not recover by above action.
Pass traffic of service

Bypass the faulty PCRF based on specific error code


<UGW>system-view Try to recover the fault after equipments or
Equipments By Bypass the faulty PCRF based on specific
UGW9811 [UGW]pcc-view links are abnormal.Do not use abnormal
Pass error code
[UGW-pcc]result-code-control vendor-id 0 result-code 3xxx PCRF.
disable-pcc
1 、 check ALM-2504 Insufficient context resources ;
2 、 confirm whether it has related link interruption alarm in UGW can't receive deactivation message
historical alarm ; from USN because of link intermittent
Insufficient
3 、 If the above condition is met,check the maximum number of disconnection or some other reason ; If Try to recover the fault after equipments or
Fault Recover UGW9811 PDP users in the system, if it's abnormally increased, the following Context
many group exsit in system, The activation of links are abnormal
command should be executed: : Resources same user to other GROUP will cause the
[UGW] apn isp.com system to generate a large number of trash
[UGW-isp.com] idle-timeout enable length 30 contexts

Change the External DNS server ip to be common one under APN.


Such as, External DNS Try to recover the fault after equipments or
Fault Recover UGW9811 External DNS fault
[UGW] apn isp.com fault links are abnormal
[UGW-isp.com] dns ipv4 primary-ip 8.8.8.8 secondary-ip 8.8.4.4

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