Organizing Engineering

Research Papers (22)

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Time division multiplexing passive optical network (TDM
PON) is a promising solution to remove the bottleneck of bandwidth
provisioning in current mass-deployed access networks. In TDM PON,
traffic is carried by a single wavelength in each division, in which users
share the bandwidth in time domain.
Given the increasing availability of bandwidth-intensive and
high-quality services such as HDTV and VoIP, the capacity of current
TDM systems will eventually become exhausted. Wavelength division
multiplexing (WDM) PON is a promising means of upgrading the
capacity and performance of current TDM systems.
However, given the importance of a competitive
component price for end-users in order for PON to prevail, whether to
widely deploy high-priced devices in the user houses and the distant
field remains questionable.
Whether to use an expensive DWDM transmitter for a
single user is also unknown. Besides, for services requiring high
reliability, e.g., emergency call, a protection scheme is desirable for the
PON system.
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Based on the above, we should develop a novel
hybrid TDM/WDM PON architecture that not only enables a
gradual evolution from cost-effective TDM to a high-
performing WDM PON, but also provides 1+1 protection
against fiber cuts.
To achieve optimization among cost,
upgradability, and system evolvability, DWDM and CWDM
can be adopted for downstream and upstream traffic,
respectively. In the remote node, a cost-effective and
reliable CWDM AWG can then be used for wavelength
routing. Next, two pairs of feeding fibers can be deployed
and connected to various sides of the AWG. Additionally,
two DWA modules can be utilized in a full-grown system to
serve a large number of users, enable protection from laser
failure, and optimize packet latency and jittering.
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As anticipated, the proposed architecture can
enhance the packet latency and jittering more than TDM
PON can. For a comparison of equivalent resource and
background traffic loading, a TDM PON can be assumed to
have a single FL for 16 users; in addition, the DWA module
has 2TLs multiplexed by 100/50(GHz) interleaver for 32
users.
Importantly, the proposed hybrid TDM/WDM
PON architecture with protection from fiber cuts and laser
failure can achieve cost-effectiveness. While comprising
fast tunable lasers and interleavers, the OLT DWA module
can outperform the conventional TDM PON one in terms of
packet delay and jitter performance.
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Network communication systems focus mainly on providing
users with reliable and highly available telecom services.
Conventional communication architecture is equipment-
based. If equipment breaks down, telecom services should be curtailed
to replace the telecom equipment. The conventional architecture is
proprietary for each other. Each equipment provider is not compatible
with each other.
For a shorter development schedule, a lower
development cost and various network services, conventional
architectures with proprietary hardware and software are outdated.
Users subsequently spend much capital for hardware and software
updated with non-reusable equipment and software. While proprietary
architecture is updated, users spend capital for the newly updated
proprietary architecture as well as purchase a new one. Much capital
has been expended during this process.
The proprietary architecture creates a gap between
equipment providers. After proprietary architecture is updated, the
older hardware and software have become obsolete to users.
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Based on the above, we should develop a novel open
architecture for telecommunication purposes, as well as for
construction with building blocks.
To do so, the communication architecture can be
separated by several functional blocks. Each functional block can then
be modularized. Next, each functional block can be implemented
through various providers.
As anticipated, for a situation in which telecom equipment
modules break down, the telecom services are not stopped when
replacing equipment modules. Also, high availability can be achieved
by serving with an open architecture, which is an emerging trend in the
generation of telecom communications.
Via the proposed architecture, service providers can then
update equipment by each module, without an update of all equipment.
Such continuity makes users aware that a breakdown in telecom
equipment has occurred.
Further details can be found at
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