The Process of Listening

Attention

Working memory

Short – term memory

Long- term memory

 Attention
Meaning: controlling your selective and automatic
attention.

Selective attention: sustained focus we give to

things that are important.
eg: your favourite music.
- A form of selective perception. (Chapter 2)

Automatic attention: instinctive focus we give to

important things in our surrounding.
eg: when someone shouts your
name, you turn your head.
 Working Memory
Meaning: interpret and assign meaning to things we
hear.

- Looks for shortcut when processing information

- Recognizes patterns of letters and assigns meaning
- The patterns and symbols mentioned above is stored
in long term memory use as shortcut for meaning.

- eg: the word DOE we understand and know that it

means Description of English
 Short - term Memory
Meaning: temporary storage place for
information.

- Retain thoughts that are needed for immediate use

- Least efficient memory resource
- limited to 7 ± 2 bits of information
- if it is overloaded then you tend to forget.
- Needs concentration, if not it is likely be lost
 Long- term Memory
Meaning: permanent storage place for information.

- No limitation in quantity or duration of stored

information.
- Thoughts organized through schema
(interconnected web of thinking) that is ‘system filing’
for thoughts.
- cue received doesn’t give enough information- forget
information
- eg: when you see a person, and trying to recall who
that person is.