Bell Ringer

What are
Cells?
 Cells

Cells are the basic units of

structure and function in
living things.
 Cells and Structure
• When you describe
how and object is put
together, you describe
what it is made of, and
how those “units” fit
together
– Example a brick wall
• Living things
composed of cells that
fit together.
 Cells and Function
• An organism’s functions allow it to
survive.
– Digestion, breathing ,etc.
• Cells are responsible for those
functions
 Many and Small
• Cells are invisible to the human eye.
• Square cm of skin contains 100,000
cells.
• Until the late 1600’s, no one knew
about cells.
 The Microscope
• An instrument that
makes small objects
appear large.
• Invention of the
microscope made the
discovery of cells
possible
• Uses lenses to focus
light
– Curved pieces of glass
 The Microscope
• Simple: One Compound: More
lens than one lens
 Development of the
Microscope
• Robert Hooke
– Invented compound microscope
– Observed “cells” in cork
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek
– Builder of simple microscopes
– Observed one-celled animals in water
• Animalcules
Development of Cell Theory
• Schleiden
– Plants made up of cells
• Schwann
– Animals made up of cells
• Virchow
– Cells come from cells
 Spontaneous Generation
• Abiogenesis
• Living things come from non-living
matter

People once believed that

mice can arise from a pot of
grain.
 Cell Theory
• All living things composed of cells
• Cells are the basic units of structure
and function in living things
• All cells are produced from other
cells

True for ALL living things

Worksheet
 Microscopes

• Work by a combination of two

properties:
– Magnification
– Resolution
 Magnification and Lenses
• The lenses of a microscope magnify
an object by bending the light that
passes through them.
• Lenses are not flat, they are curved

– Convex Lens
 Compound Microscope
Magnification
• More than one lens
• Light passes through object
• Lens closest to object magnifies
object
• Lens close to eye further magnifies
the object.
• Total magnification equals the
magnification of both lenses
multiplied.
 Resolution
• Sharpness of an image
Light Microscopes vs. Electron
Microscopes
• Light Microscopes use beams of light
• Electron Microscopes use beams of
electrons to produce magnifies
images.
• Because electrons are so small,
images of really small objects can be
seen.
– Electrons are smaller than atoms
– Atoms can not be seen, even with a
microscope
 Home work
• Read and web pages 6-13
• Complete all pages of worksheet
 Coming up
• On Wednesday
– Parts of a microscope
• On Friday
– Test: Cell Theory and microscope
anatomy