Programming Foundation

CHAPTER-4 Steps in program development and develop a simple Java

Program
Objectives
➢ After this course, you should be able to understand
➢ Steps of Program Development and Problems
Solutions
➢ A Typical Java Development Environment
➢ Preparation for manual Java program development
➢ Simple java program development
➢ Java program compilation and execution

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Steps in program Development
➢ Computer programming is an art.
➢ Many people believe that programmer must be good
at mathematics , have a memory for figure and
technical information and be prepared to spend
many hours sitting at a computer , typing programs.
But given the right tools ,and steps to follow ,
anyone can write well-designed programs.
It is a task worth doing as it is both stimulating and
fulfilling.

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1)Define the problem
➢ -Involvescarefully reading and rereading the
problems until you understand completely what is
required . To help with this initials analysis.
➢ The problem should be divided into 3 separate
components.
➢ The inputs
➢ The outputs , and
➢ The processing steps to produce the required inputs.

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2)Outline the solution
➢ After the problem has been defined , you may
decide to break the problem up into smaller task or
steps and establish an outline solution.
➢ Than initial outline is usually a rough draft of the
solution which include:
➢ The major processing steps involved,
➢ The major subtask(if any),
➢ The major control structures(eg. repetitions loops
,decision making if,switch)
➢ The major variables and record structures , and
➢ The mainline logic.

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3)Develop the outline into an
algorithm
➢ What is Algorithm?
➢ It is a finite set of instructions that it follows a
complete particular task.
➢ It is set of precise steps that describe exactly the
tasks to be preformed and order in which they are
to be carried out.
➢ It lists the steps involved in accomplishing a task.
➢ Eg: pseudocode (a form of structured English) to
represent the solution algorithm

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4)Test the algorithm for
correctness
➢ -one of the most important in development of
programs, and it is the step most often forgotten.
➢ -main purpose of checking the algorithm is to
identify major logic errors early so that they may be
easily corrected.
➢ Test data needs to be walked through each step in
the algorithm to check that the instructions
described in the algorithm will actually do what
they are supposed.

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5)Code the algorithm into a
specific programming languages.
➢ Onlyafter all design considerations have been met
in the previous for steps should you actually start to
code the program into your chosen programming
language.

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6)Run the program on the
computer
➢ Use a program compiler/interpreter/programmer-
designed test data to machine test the code for
syntax errors(those detected at compile time)and
logic errors(those detected at run time).

➢ Usually
the most rewarding step in the program
development processes.

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7)Document and maintain the
program
➢ Program documentation should not be listed as the
step in the program development process ,as it is
really an ongoing task from the initial definition of
problem to final test result.Documentation involves
both external documentation(such hierarchy chart
,the solution algorithm ,and test data result) and
internal document that may have be coded in the
program.

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What is Java?
➢ Java is a general-purpose programming language that is class-
based, and designed to have as few implementation  dependencies as
possible.
➢ It is intended to let application developers write once, run
anywhere(WORA),meaning that compiled Java code can run on all
platforms that support Java without the need for recompilation.
➢ Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode that can run on
any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of the underlying computer
architecture.
➢ The syntax of Java is similar to C and C++, but it has fewer low-
level facilities than either of them.
➢ As of 2018, Java was one of the most popular programming languages in
use according to GitHub ,particularly for client-server web applications,
with a reported 9 million developers.

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Why Java?
➢ 1) Java is Easy to learn
➢ 2)Java is an Object-Oriented Programming Language
➢ 3)Java has Rich API
➢ 4)Powerful development tools e.g., Eclipse, Netbeans
➢ 5)Great collection of Open Source libraries
➢ 6)Wonderful Community Support
➢ 7)Java is FREE
➢ 8)Excellent documentation support - Javadocs
➢ 9)Java is Platform Independent
➢ 10)Java is Everywhere
➢ 11)Job opportunities and latest trends
➢ and others ....

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What is write once, run
anywhere(WORA)?

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What is write once, run
anywhere(WORA)?

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A Typical Java Development
Environment

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A Typical Java Development
Environment

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A Typical Java Development
Environment

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A Typical Java Development
Environment

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A Typical Java Development
Environment

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 Write Java program in notepad and then
compile and run(Execute) the program.

Hellowrold.java(Source code) Output of Hellowrold Java Program

Compile Java Program >>javac FileName.java
Run(Execute) Java Program>>java FileName
(Note:class ‘s name and file ‘s name must be the same.
Eg class name is Hellowrold and then file name must be save as Hellowrold.java)

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Java Compilation Process for
Simple.java file

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Special Characters when program
developing

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The Java program-development process consists of
repeatedly creating/modifying source code, compiling,
and executing programs.

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Output

➢ Correct Result

➢ Error!!!!!

➢ Why error ? How many type of error?

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Today Result

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Homewrok
➢ Printing
out your name
➢ Name.java

➢ Print
out your name as 5 time in console.
➢ Name5time.java

➢ Calculate the value of 5x5x5

➢ Calc.java

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Reference link
➢ https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/
guides/install/install_overview.html

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 Thanks!!
Any Questions