m Shivesh Rai 162

m Vaibhav Mishra 176

m Subrat Patro 166
m Avisekh Nag 131
m Dipanjan Mitra 134
m A General manager of a car producing company
was concerned with the complaints received from
the car users that the car they produce have some
problems with steering wheel and sound at the gear
box.

m He obtained information from the company worker to

identify the various factors influencing the problem.
m He then formulated the problem and generated the
guesses(hypothesis).

m He constructed a checklist and obtained requisite

information from a representative sample cars.

m He analyzed the data thus collected, interpreted the

result in the light of his hypothesis and reached
conclusion.
m ¢nderstanding the nature of the problem.

m Identifying the related area of knowledge.

m Reviewing others literature.

m Collecting Data.

m Analyzing data appropriate to the problem.

m Drawing conclusion and making generalization.

m Process of enquiry & investigation.

m Systemetic & methodical.

m Increases Knowledge.

m Hunting for facts or truth about a subject.

m Organised scientific investigation to solve

problems ,test hypothesis, develop or invent new
products.
m _¢ANTITATIVE RESEARH

m _¢ALITATIVE RESEARCH
m Measured and expressed in terms of quantity.

m Collecting of data in the form of numbers which can

be measured .

m It produces a numeric kind of answer to a problem .

m _uantitative Research helps :-

1> Precise measurement.
2> knowing trends or changes overtime.
3>Comparing trends .
m Gathers information about the qualities or
characteristics of what is being studied.

m It is non-numeric in nature

m Helps in having insight into problems or cases.

m Gather an in-depth understanding of human

behavior & reasons that governs such behavior.
m Investigates the WHY & HOW of decision making,
not just WHAT,WHERE,WHEN.

m Produces a YES-NO answer to a problem.

m Information gathered may be collected by:-

- INTERVIEWS
- _¢ESTIONNARIES / S¢RVEYS
- FIELD OBSERVATION
- CONTENT & NARRATIVE ANALYSIS
- CASE ST¢DIES.
m Fact finding investigation with adequate
interpretation.

m Descriptive research answers the questions ë
,

ë , ë , ë  and
ë.

m More specific than exploratory, focuses on

particular aspect of problem.
m Attempts to describe systematically a situation,
problem, phenomenon, service or program, or
provide information.

m Applicable to problem which satisfy certain criteria.

m Clarifies why & how there is a relationship between
two variables.

m Looks for causes and reasons

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m It could be done through using questionnaires,
group discussions, interviews, random sampling,
etc.

m Examples:
[ Why does stressful living result in heart attacks?
[ Why do some people use a product while others do not?
[ How does technology create
unemployment/employment?
m Preliminary study of an unfamiliar problem.
m To explore an area where little is known.
m To investigate the possibilities of undertaking a
research study.
m It is ill-structured and much less focused on
predetermined objectives.
m It usually takes the form of a pilot project.
m Discover or establish the existence of a
relationship/association/interdependence
m Between 2 or more aspects of a situation
m Examines the covariation of two or more variables

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m we can not make statements concerning cause
and effect
[ Reasons :
[ we don't know the direction of the cause.
[ a third variable may be involved of which we
are not aware.
m Examples:
[ Relationship between stressful living and incidence of
heart attacks

[ Impact of technology on employment

[ Impact of an advertising campaign on sale of a product

[ Impact of incentives on productivity of workers

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