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Mandava Deepthi
Contents
Introduction
History
What is smear layer?
Morphology of the smear layer
Physiological considerations
Pathological considerations
Smear layer in Restorative dentistry
Smear layer in Endodontics
Role of Bonding
Methods of removal
Advantages and Disadvantages
conclusion
Introduction
Formation
Exact mechanism- incompletely understood.
Boyde et al (1963)- Frictional heat during cavity
preparation –important factor.
Frictional heat may be 600ºC below the melting point of
apatite -1800ºC to 2500ºC.
Physiochemical phenomenon.
Gwinett A.J. (1984) –Dentin richer source of protein than
granular appearance.
Diffusion - 5 – 6 times.
Convection - 25 – 26 times
INFLUENCE ON SENSITIVITY OF DENTIN
replaced by bacteria and after a week all most all tubules are
The corresponding cavities cleaned by water and with the smear layer
left, had a bacterial layer on cavity walls but practically no invasion
into dentinal tubules.
Cut dentin should not be treated with acid or EDTA -tubules become
open and widened.
Left in place
Dissolved
Can be replaced
Modified or impregnated.
Apical Leakage
If the smear layer is not removed, the gutta percha may partly
be glued to dentin in the smear layer as well as to the exposed
parts of the canal wall.
Disadvantages
It do not afford adequate bonding of material to dentin
through them.
bacterial growth.
Contact time
Acoustic streaming
LASERS
Weichman & Johnson (1971) first
applied a laser to the root canals -to
seal the apical foramen in vitro -high
Apical third
Nd:YAG laser- debris & smear layer
being removed or melted,fused and
recrystallized .(Harashima et al
1997).
Argon laser - efficient cleaning
activity on instrumented root canals
Middle third
(Harashima et al 1997)