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‡ Objectives:
± The cadet will be expected to demonstrate an
understanding of the NJROTC program,
± group dynamics,
± human motivation,
± and their place in unit and platoon management.
 


 



‡ Theory of Human Motivation

± An understanding of basic human motivational
theory is vital to effective leadership.
± According to Maslow, human motivation is
based on a hierarchical system of needs. In
ascending order, there are physiological needs,
safety needs, love and belonging needs, status
and esteem needs, and the need for self-
actualization and self-fulfillment.
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‡ Basic needs such as hunger, thirst, warmth,

air, and so on.
‡ They may include various sensory pleasures
as touch, hearing, tasting, smelling, under
certain circumstances.
‡ If these needs are unsatisfied, all other
needs may become nonexistent or be
pushed into the background.
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‡ These include such things as shelter from

the elements, feeling secure from attack,
freedom from disorder, fear and anxiety.
‡ Individuals being motivated at this level
often seek out a protector, or stronger
people on whom they depend.
 |





‡ These needs concern the desire to affiliate

with others, be accepted, and to belong.
‡ The lack of fulfillment of these needs is the
most core cause of cases of maladjustment
and many other psychological problems.
‡ Love needs involve both giving and
receiving. Feeling accepted and wanted.
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‡ These include such things as the need to

achieve, feel competent, and gain approval
and recognition. Recognition by others of
competence and accomplishments.
‡ Satisfaction of these needs leads to feelings
of self-confidence, worth, strength, and
capability.
 


!
 

 

‡ Thwarting these needs produces feelings of

inferiority, weakness, and helplessness.
 
"
 
#
$ 

%



‡ These refer to the need to find self-

fulfillment and realize one¶s unique
potential.
± This stage usually not accomplished during
adolescence.
 
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#
$ 

%



‡ One becomes more wise and automatically

knows what to do in a wide variety of
situations.
± We test ourselves for its own sake, to prove our
worth to ourselves and to show we can ³still do
it´. Taking risks is another phrase for that.
 
"
 
#


‡ The only reason that people would not

move through the needs to self-actualization
is because of the hindrances placed in their
way by society. Example:
± Education is often a hindrance with imposed
ideas of the culture.
± On the other hand respectful teaching promotes
personal growth.
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‡ To help others find self-fulfillment and

realize their potential.
‡ Maslow¶s basic position is that as one
becomes more self-actualized and
transcendent, one becomes more wise
(develops wisdom) and automatically
knows what to do in a wide variety of
situations.
 

&

‡ Teach to be authentic; to be aware of their

inner selves and to hear inner feeling voices
‡ Teach to transcend their own cultural
conditioning, and become world citizens
‡ Help discover their vocation in life, their
calling, fate or destiny.
± This is especially focused on finding the right
career and the right mate.
 

&  

‡ Life is precious, that there is joy to be

experienced in life«
± if you are open to seeing the good in all
situations, it makes life worth living.
‡ Accept the person and help them learn their
inner nature«
± from real knowledge of aptitudes and
limitations we can know what to build upon.
 

&  

‡ Satisfy basic needs« this includes safety,

belongingness and esteem needs.
‡ We should refresh consciousness, teaching
to appreciate beauty and the other good
things in nature and in living.
‡ We should teach people that controls are
good, and complete abandon is bad«
± It takes control to improve the quality of life in
all areas
 

&  

‡ We should teach to transcend the trifling

problems and grapple with the serious
problems in life.
± These include the problems of injustice, of
pain, suffering and death.
‡ We must teach to be good choosers.
± Give practice in making choices
 |!
'


‡ 11-14 year olds

± Fear of unknown concerning sexuality.
± Fear of being unpopular.
± Fear of being selected first (having to lead a
team or group).
|!
'
(("()
± Fear of being selected last (implying being
disliked or unpopular).
± Fear of not being able to complete homework,
schoolwork, project.
± Extreme concern over emotional
happiness/unhappiness.
 |!
'


‡ 15-18 year olds

± Fear of sexuality (based on lack of information
concerning sex).
± Fear that another peer will vie for the person
they are dating.
± Fear of being ridiculed in class when asked to
speak or demonstrate.
 |!
'
(*"(+
± Fear that adults will interpret roles for them
(they seek to define themselves in relation to
peers and their own values and goals).
± Fear of inadequate vocational or academic
training.



 !



‡ Alcoholism & Drug abuse

‡ Depression, anxiety, anorexia, suicide
‡ Lack of self control, irresponsibility,
absenteeism, violence
 s

!

&


‡ Gaining self awareness

‡ Developing positive attitudes
‡ Making healthy choices and effective
decisions.
‡ Respect others
 s

!

&
 

‡ Gaining responsibility
‡ Developing relationship skills
‡ Resolving conflicts
 $




LCDR Cook, NSI

Curtis Senior High School
University Place, WA