Alveolar Bone

Dr. Syed Sadatullah

College of Dentistry
King Khalid University
Abha
 Development of Alveolar Bone

Alveolar bone develops from the dental follicle

The ectomesenchymal cells of the dental follicle

King Khalid University

Dr.Syed Sadatullah
differentiate into osteoblasts and lay down the matrix
called osteoid

Some osteoblasts become embedded in the matrix

and are called osteocytes
 The Alveolar Bone

Alveolar bone or alveolar process is that portion of

maxilla and mandible that supports the roots

King Khalid University

Dr.Syed Sadatullah
If the teeth are lost the alveolar process disappears

It is composed of two parts; the alveolar bone proper

and the supporting bone
Dr.Syed Sadatullah
King Khalid University
Alveolar Bone
Alveolar Bone Proper

Alveolar bone proper is that part of alveolar bone that

lines the sockets

King Khalid University

Dr.Syed Sadatullah
It is a thin lamella of compact bone in which
periodontal fibres are embedded

It is a specialized type of compact bone composed of

bundle bone and Heversian bone

It is referred to as Bundle bone because it regularly

penetrated by Sharpey’s fibres of the periodontal
ligament
Dr.Syed Sadatullah
King Khalid University
Alveolar Bone
Dr.Syed Sadatullah
King Khalid University
Bundle Bone
Radiographically alveolar bone proper is referred to as
lamina dura

Lamina dura appears more dense and hence radio-

opaque

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Dr.Syed Sadatullah
In a radiograph the widening of lamina dura indicates
periodontal pathology

In physiological movement of teeth, this bone is

readily resorbed in zones of compression and is
formed in zones of tension
 King Khalid University
Dr.Syed Sadatullah
Radiographic appearance of alveolar bone proper as ‘Lamina
Dura’
Supporting bone

The remainder of the alveolar process below the

alveolar bone proper is called the supporting bone

It is attached to the alveolar bone proper

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Dr.Syed Sadatullah
Supporting bone includes the compact cortical plates
on the outer surface and the spongy bone between
the cortical plates and the alveolar bone proper
Dr.Syed Sadatullah
King Khalid University
Alveolar Bone Proper and Supporting
Bone
Cortical plates (Compact supporting bone)

The compact supporting bone of the alveolar process

extends from the alveolar crest to the lower border of
the socket on the outside surface of the maxilla and

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Dr.Syed Sadatullah
mandible

It is also called the cortical bone/plate

The cortical bone has Haversian systems, radiating

lamellae with lacunae and canaliculi
Dr.Syed Sadatullah
King Khalid University
Haversion system in Compact Bone
Spongy bone (Cancellous supporting bone)

Cancellous bone is located apically between the

alveolar bone proper and the cortical bone

King Khalid University

Dr.Syed Sadatullah
It is also called as spongy bone

It supports and strengthens the alveolar bone proper

Dr.Syed Sadatullah
King Khalid University
Compact and Cancellous Bone
Interdental bone

The bone between the roots of adjacent single-rooted

or multi-rooted teeth is called interdental bone

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Dr.Syed Sadatullah
Interradicular bone

The bone between the roots of mulitrooted teeth is

known as interradicular bone
Fenestration

Fenestration is an area of root penetrating the bone in

the apical region

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Dr.Syed Sadatullah
Dehiscence

Dehiscence is an area of root penetrating the bone in

the coronal region
Dr.Syed Sadatullah
King Khalid University
Fenestration and
Dehiscence