|


1. Full Container Load (FCL) cargo

2. Less than Container Load (LCL) cargo
3. Break ± Bulk cargo
4. Hazardous cargo
5. Refrigerated goods
6. Valuable goods and precious stones
Full Container Load (FCL) Cargo
 1.  


40t implies that you can hire the entire container for
loading your cargo. This service is generally used if you
are shipping large amount of goods.

4 0t has the following advantages :

- You obtain a huge amount of space for a relatively
low price.
- Sufficient care in packaging need not be taken as
handling of the container is minimum.
- Since the container is sealed after you finish loading
it, no one will touch your goods until you reopen it
overseas for custom clearance. Hence safety of goods
is maintained.
 j. 


4 Your goods are shipped with other people¶s shipment in the

same container.
4 0t means that you are only paying for certain space to be
utilized in the container.

4 Care must be taken in packaging to prevent damage due to

other cargo.
4 Examples are parcel or courier service.
4 Crates, boxes, bags, drums are common methods of packaging
such cargo.
ë.   

 Cargo that is too large in volume or too heavy to be
containerized.

4 Special packaging is required for shipping the cargo

seperately.
4 Alternatively, the bulk may be dismantled and then sent by
normal containers.

4 Port charges as well as shipping charges are higher.

4 Specialized freight forwarders or specialized equipment may

be needed to ship the goods.
 =. 


4 0t includes goods that are flammable, explosive or toxic.

4 Shipment of dangerous goods by sea are regulated

by 0nternational Maritime Organization (0MO) which
publishes 0nternational Maritime Dangerous Goods
Code (0MDG code)

4 Shipment of goods by air is regulated by

0nternational Air Transport Association (0ATA) and
0nternational Civil Aviation Organization (0CAO).

4 0n addition, shipper must abide the domestic

rules and regulations in exporter¶s and importer¶s
country.
. 
 

4 Refrigerated containers are also called ± ³reefer´

4 Ensure that temperature is maintained at correct
setting throughout the voyage. Also ensure proper
humidity levels are maintained.
4 Ensure correct conversion (Celcius vs Farenheit)
4 Ensure incompatible cargo is not mixed together.
Cargo Holds for Air Transport
¢.    

Main issue is taking sufficient security measures.

Following steps are taken :
1. Specialized firms are hired.
2. Operational activities are through anonymous
buildings and warehouses.
3. No advertising is done.
4. Company names are not displayed on vehicles.
5. Not more than certain amount of goods are
shipped at a time.
6. Consignee names are periodically changed.

7. Technologically advanced communication systems a

must for continuous tracking of shipment.