Intermediaries and their role

Stevedore
A workman who loads and unloads cargo on the ship.

Derived from Spanish estibador or Portuguese estivador = "a man who

stuffs“
In Britain, such men are usually called dockers while in the U.S. the
term longshoreman is used, derived from "along-the-shore man".
In Australia, referred to as wharf labourers and were called wharfies
They are under the Dock Labour Boards in India and found in
all major ports
Dock Labour board co-ordinates with Port Trust.
Work is done in shifts

In the US
the International Longshoremen's Association on EAST
coast on the Great Lakes and Gulf of Mexico and
International Longshore and Warehouse Union on
WEST coast in Hawaii and Alaska
In Australia, The Maritime Union of Australia
In UK, Dockers' Union
Non Vessel Operating Common Carrier (NVOCC)

These are companies who do not own or operate the carrying ship
but contract with the shipping line for carriage of goods of third
parties.

 They are a shipping company

 They purchase shipping space and sell them to companies
that need to ship cargo.

Governed by,
Federal Maritime Commission in US
Under licence from Directorate General of Shipping, India
Examples
Everett (India) Private Ltd (EIPL)
ACE MARITIME SERVICES [P] LTD - NVOCC
based in Chennai
Freight Brokers

 Brings together shipper and shipping company

 Brokerage is paid by the shipping company on
fulfillment of the contract.
 Prepares a “broker’s slip” and passes to shipping
company giving customer details.
 “Shipping order” is issued after assessing the broker
slip.
 Customs House Agent (CHA)

Customs House Agent (CHA) is a person who is licensed to act

as an agent for transaction of any business relating to the entry or
departure of conveyances or the import or export of goods at any
Customs station.

Services offered
The agent can do everything that an importer or an exporter can
do.
Filing a bill of entry, shipping bill, submitting supporting
documents therewith, helping in examination of goods, payment
of duty on behalf of the principal, warehousing of goods, removal
from warehouse ,etc
Qualifications of an applicant under CHA Licensing
Regulations, 1984
  The applicant individual working for a firm or a company
should be:
               A graduate from a recognized University.
-           Should hold a pass in Form G as employee of the firm /
company.
-           Should have engaged in Customs clearance work for
three years.
-         Should possess assets of Rs.1 lakhs or Rs.50,000/- as
certified by a scheduled bank.
-           Reliability of the applicant and soundness of financial status
are very important criteria.
Working in other Customs Stations
              A person holding regular license can work in all
Customs stations as a CHA.  If a place has both sea port and
international air port, there is no need to seek the facility of
separate license from each place.