PA 702 –Statistical

Modelling
and Analysis for
Decision-Making
TOPIC:

THE DECILES FOR

UNGROUPED AND
GROUPED DATA
 OUTLINE

• OBJECTIVES
• WHAT IS DECILE?
• DECILES FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• EXAMPLES
• DECILES FOR GROUPED DATA
• REFERENCES
 OBJECTIVES
• Demonstrates understanding of key concept
of measures of position

• Illustrate the decile for ungrouped and

grouped data

• Appreciate the importance of deciles in real

life situations
 DECILES
• In descriptive statistics, the term “decile”
refers to the nine values that split the
population data into ten equal fragments
such that each fragment is representative of
1/10th of the population. In other words, each
successive decile corresponds to an increase
of 10% points such that the 1st decile or
D1 has 10% of the observations below it, then
2nd decile or D2 has 20% of the observations
below it, and so on so forth.
 WHAT IS UNGROUPED DATA?

It is the data you

first gather from an
experiment of
study.
 WHAT IS UNGROUPED
DATA?

•The data is raw that is

not sorted into
categories Classified
or grouped an
ungrouped set of data
is basically a list of
numbers.
 STEPS IN SOLVING DECILE
Step 1: Firstly, determine the number of data or variables in the
population or sample, which is denoted by n.

Step 2: Next, sort all the data or variables in the population in

ascending order.

Step 3: Next, based on the decile that is required, determine the

value by adding one to the number of data in the population, then
divide the sum by ten and then finally multiply the result by the
rank of the decile as shown below.

DK formula = K* (n + 1) / 10 th data

Step 4: Finally, on the basis of the decile value, figure out the
corresponding variable from among the data in the population.
 EXAMPLE NO. 1

Find the 3rd decile or D3

of the following test scores of
a random sample of ten
students:
35 , 42 , 40 , 28 , 15 , 23 ,
33 , 20 , 18 and 28.
 SOLUTION:
35 , 42 , 40 , 28 , 15 , 23 ,
33 , 20 , 18 and 28.

First, arrange the scores

in ascending order.
15 18 20 23 28
28 33 35 40 42
 FORMULA FOR
UNGROUPED DATA

𝑲
𝑫𝑲 = (𝒏+𝟏)
𝟏𝟎
 STEPS TO FIND DECILE VALUE ON A
DATA WITH n ELEMENTS
 

(n+1)

D3 is the 3rd element.

15 18 20 23 28
28 33 35 40 42

Therefore, D3 = 20.
 EXAMPLE NO. 2

Find the 7th decile or D7 of

the following test scores of a
random sample of ten
students:
• 
(n+1)

D7 is the 8th element. Therefore, D7 = 35.

 15 18 20 23 28
28 33 35 40 42

Therefore, D7 = 35.
 EXAMPLE NO. 3

Find the 4th decile or D4 of the following test scores of a random sample of ten
students:

35 , 42 , 40 , 28 , 15 , 23 ,
33 , 20 , 18 and 28.
• 
(n+1)

D4 is the 4th element.

15 18 20 23 28
28 33 35 40 42

Therefore, D4 = 23.
THE DECILES FOR
GROUPED DATA
 WHAT IS GROUPED DATA?

Deciles are those values

that divide the total
frequency into 10 equal
parts. The kth decile
denoted by Dk is
computed as follows:
FORMULA
 EXAMPLE NO. 4
Calculate the 7th decile of the
Mathematics test scores of 50 students.
 LESS THAN
LOWER CUMULATIVE
CLASS INTERVAL FREQUENCY BOUNDARIES FREQUENCY
SCORES (f) (LB) (<cf)
L
46-50 U
4 45.5 50
O
W 41-45 P
P 8 40.5 46
E
R 36-40 E
R 11 35.5 38
L 31-35 L 9 30.5 27
I I
M
I
26-30 M
I
12 25.5 18
T
21-25 T
6 20.5 6
N=50 Subtract Lower limit
to 0.5 to get the LB
 Calculate the 7th decile of the Mathematics test scores of 50 students.
LESS THAN
CLASS INTERVAL LOWER BOUNDARIES CUMULATIVE
SCORES FREQUENCY (f) (LB) FREQUENCY (<cf)
46-50 4 45.5 50
41-45 8 40.5 46
36-40 11 35.5 38
31-35 9 30.5 27
26-30 12 25.5 18
21-25 6 20.5 6

= 35.5 + 3.64
Problem No. 1 = Calculate the 5th decile of the
Mathematics test scores of 50 students.

3rd Class

5N
5N 5(50)
D5 10 𝐷5
 
𝐷5
 
250
10 D5 = 30.5 + 25-18 5 25-18 = 7 ,7X5÷9 = 3.88
9
25
D5 = 30.5 + 3.88
Therefore, the 5th Decile is equivalent to 50th
D5 = 34.38
percentile. Therefore, 50 % of the students got
a score less than or equal to 34.38
 REFERENCES
• https://vdocuments.site/mathemat
ics-10-learners-material-unit-4.htm
l

• https://www.slideshare.net/chuckr
ymaunes5/measures-of-position-for
-ungrouped-data-quartiles-deciles-p
ercentiles-130064276

• https://www.onlinemath4all.com/d
eciles.html