Questionnaire on Weed

Management
4 sets
Weed Management
Approaches
Methods
Application
 Choose the right approach to weed management…..
A - PREVENTION
B - ERADICATION
C - CONTROL

1. Can be applied in greenhouse experiments, because

everything is controlled
2. It implies non-exchange of weeds from one area to another
3. It deals with both present and future weed problems
4. Desirable weed suppression, economically
5. Applies balance between economic gains and actual cost of
weed control practiced
6. Establishment of quarantines
7. Legislative control is required
8. Direct removal of weeds from the field, is its functional
definition
9. Establishment of barriers for weed control
10. Considered a “Proactive” approach, and thus not “reactive”
Preventive Approach,
a.k.a. PROACTIVE
 Compared to other management approaches,
prevention is the easiest and least expensive.
Unfortunately, it is often overlooked or
considered a bother.

 However, this is not applicable when the

problem is in the area already
Eradicative Approach
 complete removal or elimination of
living weed species, as well as their
vegetative parts and propagules.
 Problem solved, NOW AND FOREVER
Control
 Aims for desirable weed suppression
 Involves the use of methods that will

reduce weed growth

Choose the applicable method of control
A - PHYSICAL
B - BIOLOGICAL
C - CHEMICAL
D - CULTURAL
E - IWM

1. altering of weed itinerary, dominance per se

2. microbial herbicides
3. lawnmower
4. Grassedge
5. allelopathy
6. requires host specificity to be effective
7. handweeding
8. high dispersive ability to be successful
9. photosynthate organs are blocked, thus hindered
10. Pathogens infecting weeds
Control Methods
Physical
Cultural
Biological
Chemical
 Physical or Mechanical Control
 The use of mechanical and
physical weed control methods is
often associated with agriculture
and home gardening. In fact, the
number one work task of the
world's human population is hand
weeding crops.
Cultural Control
 Cultural control is a process were land is
managed to ensure good condition with
sustained use. If the land (soil and plants
ecosystem) has been damaged , and is
"unhealthy" it is easier for invasive
species to move in.
 Cultural control combines parts of the

other control methods, but focuses on

improving the "health" of the native
plants.
 Biological Control
 Biological control is a developing field
          

of study that is steadily growing???

 It involves using insects, disease

organisms, or animals to reduce the
dominance of weedy plants and bring
them back into balance with native
plants.
Advantage Disadvantage
 • Permanent/self-perpetuating
• No chemical residue
• Highly selective
• Low long-term cost (once established)
• Good for rugged, inaccessible areas
 • High initial cost (research)
• Slow, low level of results
• Won't control multiple species
• Potential cross over to native species
• Not compatible with disturbance or cultivation
• Does not eradicate weeds
Chemical
 refers to the use of herbicides to control
weeds. Its ultimate advantage is that it is
cost-effective which means that it lessens
the time spent for weed removal.
Choose the applicable herbicide classification:
A - MODE OF ACTION
B - TOXICITY
C - MOBILITY IN PLANT
D – PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPACT
E - TIMING OF APPLICATION

1. Herbicide sprayed prior to planting

2. Intended for sedges and grasses in ricefields

3. Herbicide applied penetrates the leaves and is

translocated within
4. protein synthesis inhibitor

5. 0-4 DAS

6. Herbicide spray targets weed within maturing crop

7. Herbicide applied causes acute localized injury

8. kills all vegetation

9. targets germinating weed seeds in transplanted rice

10.targets cell division

 Categories/ Classification
 Timing of Application
 Physiological Impact or Selectivity
 Mode of Action
 Mobility in Plant
 Herbicide Groupings
 Site of Application

 Toxicity (LD )
50
 Timing of Application
 Preplant
 Preemergence
 Post-emergence
Physiological Impact or Selectivity

Selective

Broad
Spectrum
 Mode of Action – plant metabolism
based

Photosynthetic inhibitor

Mitotic/ protein synthesis inhibitor

Growth regulators
Mobility in Plant

Systemic

Contact
 Herbicide chemical groupings
Organic Phenoxy
aliphatics Triazines
arsenicals derivatives

Bipyridylliums Amides Carbamates Dinitroanilines

Benzoic Phenolic Nitrile Nitrophenyl

substances derivatives derivatives ethers

Aryloxyphenoxy
Triazoles Ureas Uracils
compounds
Choose the applicable
category for toxicity of
herbicide
 

1.green
2.Warning
A-1
3.Caution
B-2
4.Power
C-3
5.yellow
D-4
6.red
E - NONE OF THE ABOVE
7.orange
8.skull
9.danger,poison
10.Round-up
 TOXICITY – BAND COLOR II
I

BAND

IV

III
POINTERS ON GETTING THE BEST
EFFECTS FROM HERBICIDES
1. Timing of Application: apply the chemical at a
time when it can be most destructive to weeds but without ill
effects on the crop

2. Accuracy in the rate of application:

apply no more or no less than the prescribed dosage.
Spraying less than the prescribed dosage may mean
unsatisfactory weed control, and an overdose may destroy
both the weeds and the crop.

3. Uniform distribution: is the key to effective weed

control. It is suggested that no sprayer should be used and
no person should spray until volume delivery of sprayer and
speed of walking are carefully calibrated.

hence, sprayer calibration is a MUST.

Spray adjuvants

 Oradditives often improve spray

retention and absorption by reducing
the surface tension of the spray
solution