Introduction to

Criminology
 CHAPTER 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice
System
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System

A. The Criminal Justice System

 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System and
Criminalistics
A. The Criminal Justice System
 
Is a legal process adopted by a civilized society in the
prevention and solution of crimes..
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System and
Criminalistics
PCJS is designed to perform the following functions:
1.Preventing the commission of crimes
2.Enforcing the laws
3.Protecting life, individual rights and properties
4.Removing dangerous persons from the community
5.Deterring people from indulging in criminal activities.
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
6.Investigating, apprehending, prosecuting and imposing
penalty upon those who cannot be dissuaded from
breaching the rules of society; and
7. Rehabilitating offenders and returning them to the
community as law abiding and useful citizens (Maglinao,
2001).
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
Goals of CJS
the criminal justice system has two major goals.
1. To protect the members of the community.
2. To maintain peace and order.
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
Sub goals of CJS
1. Crime prevention
2. Suppression of criminal conduct by apprehending the
offenders for whom prevention is ineffective.
3. Review of the legality of preventive and suppressive
measures.
4. Judicial determination of guilt/innocence of those
apprehended.
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
Sub goals of CJS
5. Proper disposition of those who have been legally found
guilty; and
6. Correction by socially approved means of behavior of
those who violate the criminal law.
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
Purpose of Criminal Justice System
1. The police are responsible for arresting an offender
and in gathering evidence against him/her.
2. The prosecutor is responsible for evaluating the
evidence the police have gathered and in deciding
whether it is sufficient to warrant the filling of
charges against the alleged violator.
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
Purpose of Criminal Justice System
3. The defense lawyer, whether privately retained or
provided by the government is responsible for the
accused.
4. The judge during the trial is an arbitrator in court
who ensures that the defense and the prosecution
adhere to the legal requirements of introductory
evidence and examining of witnesses.
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
Purpose of Criminal Justice System
5. The judge at the end of the trial renders decisions.
6. The probation officer conducts pre-sentence
investigation which the judge will make use of in the
determination sentence.
7. The prison system receives and keeps the convict until
parole and Board grants parole or until the convicts
completes his sentence if parole is denied,
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
5 Pillars of CJS
1. Law enforcement
2. Prosecution
3. Courts
4. Corrections
5. Community
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
AMERICAN CJS
1.Police
2. Court
3. criminal
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
TWO MAJOR DIVISIONS OF CJS
1. FORMAL CJS
2. INFORMAL CJS
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
FORMAL CJS
-the one that is given the formal responsibility
of controlling crime; the one that everyone
sees in everyday operation; the one that
redress a wrong harm done or a person
property.
 Chapter 2.
Overview of Criminal Justice System
INFORMAL CJS
-it is the “larger” CJS which includes the public
and private agencies and citizens that are
involved in reducing and preventing crimes.
These private functions include community
organizations and employmers.
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18
 ACTIVITY NUMBER 4
1. HOW DOES CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM WORK
2. HOW DOES CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM MAINTAIN PEACE
AND ORDER?
3. CRIMINAL JUSCTICE SYSTEM IN AMERICAN SETTING IS
COMPOSED OF ONLY THREE(3) PILLARAS, WHILE THE
PHILIPPINE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM IS COMPOSED OF
FIVE (5) PILLARS. WHY DO THEY DIFFER?
4. As A FUTURE LAW ENFORCER DO YOU APPRECIATE THE
OPERATION AND EXISTENCE OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SYSTEM IN THE PHILIPPINES?