COMMUNICATION

BY
SAYANTAN MONDAL
SUBIR KUMAR GHOSH
SUBHAM HAJRA
WAHID ALI
WHAT IS COMMUNICATION ???
 A process by which a person, group or organization transmits some
type of information to another person

 It is a meaningful interaction among people

 Thoughts are transferred from one person to another

 The meaning and value of such thoughts are same in minds of

both- the sender and the receiver
NATURE OF COMMUNICATION…
CONT…

 Transference of meaning and understanding

 Two people

 Sequential process

 Continuous process

 Pervasive function
IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATION…
 Basis of action

 Facilities planning

 Helps in decision making

 Means of coordination

 Improves relationships

 Improves motivation and morale

PURPOSE AND FUNCTION…
The management process

Planning Organizing Staffing Leading Controlling

COMMUNICATION

External environment
 Customer
 Suppliers
 Stockholders
 Governments
 Others
PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION…

Encoding
Sender
Message

Noise Channel

Feedback Receiver
Decoding
FORMAL COMMUNICATION…
 It’s a flow within the chain of command or task responsibility defined by
the organization

 It’s deliberately created and officially blessed route for flow of communic-
ation between various positions in the organization

 Respects ‘Unity of Command’ principle

 Prescribes a specified route for the flow of information in a rigid way

INFORMAL COMMUNICATION…
 This exist outside the formally authorized channels and don’t adhere
to the organization’s hierarchy of authority.

 Informal channels co-exist with formal communications but may skip

hierarchy levels

 Don’t maintain vertical chains of command to connect virtually

anyone in the organization
CHANNELS OF COMMUNICATION…

FORMAL INFORMAL
COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION

Management by
Downward Upward Wandering
Around

Lateral & diagonal The Grapevine

Grapevine…
 Informal, person to person communication network of employees, not
officially sanctioned by the organization

 It links all employees in all directions

 It becomes Org. powerful when formal channels are closed

 Employees use it to fill in important information gaps and clarify

management decisions
Grapevine patterns…
G
Y D
C E
F
D B F E
A C
C B D
Gossip
A
B
Cluster
A
Single Stand
Communication media or methods…

 Oral communication : Face to face conversation, group discussion,

phone calls etc.

 Written communication : Letters, circulars, memos, reports,

handbooks etc.

 Non-verbal communication
Non-verbal communication…
 Facial Expression

 Body position

 Eye Contact

 Dress

 Posture

 Gesture

 Tone of voice

 Use of space of proxemics

Communication Network…

 Wheel

 Y Pattern

 Chain

 Circle

 All Channels
Communication Barriers…

 Semantic Barriers

 Interpersonal Barriers

 Can’t express effectively

 Filtering
 Credibility
 Inattention
 Jealousy
Cont…
 Perceptual differences
 Emotions
 Information overload
 Time pressures

Structural Barriers
 Hierarchy
 Status
 Specialization
Good communication : Ten
Commandments …

 Clarity
 Purpose
 Physical and human setting
 Participation
 Word choice and body language
 Empathy
 Actions
 Use the feedback
 Communication for tomorrow as well as today
 Be a good listener