BY: L.

GJ

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Republic of Albania
Albania has a total area of 28,750 square kilometers. Its
coastline is 362 kilometres long and extends along
theAdriatic and Ionian Seas
The 70% of the country that is mountainous is rugged and
often inaccessible from the outside. The highest mountain is
KORAB
The country has a continental climate at its high altitude
regions with cold winters and hot summers.
The capital city is Tirana. which has 800,000 inhabitants,
the principal cities areDurres, Elbasasn, Shkoder, Gjirokastra,
Vlora, Korca dhe Kukes
 Time GMT/UTC + 1
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 Language
Albanian is the official language.  It comprises a separate original
branch in the family of the Indo-European languages, and can be
linguistically traced to its Illyrian origins.  In its lexicon one can
see influences from Italian, old and new Greek, Latin, and Slavic
languages.  Despite these influences, Albanian has retained its
original, distinct nature and structure.
The alphabet is comprised of 36 letters, each pronounced the
same way, regardless of usage.  This enables visitors to quickly
and easily learn a few essential phrases to facilitate
communication.  Many Albanians, particularly in larger cities,
speak English.                

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 Geography
Albania is situated on the eastern shore of the
Adriatic Sea, with Montenegro and Serbia to the
north, Macedonia to the east, and Greece to the
south. Slightly larger than Maryland, Albania is
composed of two major regions: a mountainous
highland region (north, east, and south)
constituting 70% of the land area, and a western
coastal lowland region that contains nearly all of
the country's agricultural land and is the most
densely populated part of Albania.

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 Climate
Albania has a Mediterranean climate, but there are climatic
differences from region to region - especially between the
north and the south of the country. Temperatures generally
range from 5C in winter to 24C in summer. Inland towns can
experience temperatures of up to 40C while coastal regions
are cooler with temperatures of around 30C. Temperatures
drop lower in the mountainous regions. Albania has on
average 300 days of sunshine every year with most of the
rainfall occurring during winter. Mountainous regions
experience a higher amount of rainfall. For sightseeing, the
best time of year to visit is spring and autumn.
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 Population
The population of Albania numbers 3,150,886, with
a density of 113 people per square kilometer. 
Population is growing by 0.73% a year.  A slight
majority of the population, about 51%, lives in rural
areas.  The average life expectancy is 75 years for
females and 69 for males.  The vast majority of
inhabitants are Albanian, with ethnic minorities
representing only about 2% of the population.  
The minority  population is comprised primarily of
Greeks and Macedonians.
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ECONOMY
GDP: L16,234 million in 1990, US$450 per capita, a drop of 13.1 percent from the previous year; preliminary figures
indicated a 30-percent drop for 1991.
GNP: Estimated at US$4.1 billion in 1990; per capita income estimated in range US$600- US$1,250; real growth rate
not available.
Government Budget: Revenues US$2.3 billion; expenditures US$2.3 billion (1989). Note: Albania perennially ran a
substantial trade deficit; government tied imports to exports, so deficit seems to have been greatly reduced if not
eliminated.
Labor Force: 1,567,000 (1990); agriculture about 52 percent, industry 22.9 percent (1987). Females made up 48.1
percent of the labor force in 1990.
Agriculture: Arable land per capita is the lowest in Europe. Self-sufficiency in grain production achieved in 1976,
according to government figures. A wide variety of temperate-zone crops and livestock raised. Up to 1990, Albania was
largely selfsufficient in food; thereafter drought and political breakdown necessitated foreign food aid.
Land Use: Arable land 21 percent; permanent crops 4 percent; meadows and pastures 15 percent; forest and woodland
38 percent; other 22 percent.
Industry: Main industries in early 1990s were food products, energy and petroleum, mining and basic metals, textiles
and clothing, lumber, cement, engineering, and chemicals.
Natural Resources: Chromium, coal, copper, natural gas, nickel, oil, timber.
Imports: US$255 million (1987 estimate). Major commodities: machinery, machine tools, iron and steel products,
textiles, chemicals, and pharmaceuticals.
Exports: US$378 million (1987 estimate). Major commodities: asphalt, bitumen, petroleum products, metals and
metallic ores, electricity, oil, vegetables, fruits, tobacco.
Trading Partners: Italy, Yugoslavia, West Germany, Greece, East European countries, and China.
Economic aid: In fiscal year 1991 United States government provided US$2.4 million; the European Community (EC)
pledged US$9.1 million; and Italy provided US$196 million for emergency food aid, industrial inputs and the education
system. In July 1991 the EC enrolled Albania in its program for technical assistance to former communist countries.
Currency: Lek (pl., leke); exchange rate in January 1992 L50 per US$1.
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Government and politics

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 Political System
Albania is Parliamentary Republic with 140 deputies (political
rapresantatives) elected from soverign once in four years with
general elections.Main powers are legislative and esxecutiv.
Head of Parliament
Mrs. Jozefina Topalli, elected from the council is the prime Head
of parliament (chairparliamentary) in all parliamentary history of
the country and the six-th Head of Parliament (Council
Chairwoman) in pluralist parliamentary history, since the year
1991. She took her duty in septembre 2005. 
Republic President
Mr .Bamir Topi, elected from the parliament in 20 July 2007 for
a five year period. 
Head of the Council of Ministers
Mr. Sali Berisha (Democratic Party)  L.GJ 11
 History
The area of today's Albania has been populated
since prehistoric times.
Surrounded by powerful, warring empires,
Albania has experienced considerable violence
and competition for control throughout its history
by Greeks, Romaks and Ottomans.
One of the most successful resistance against the
Invading Ottomans , was led by Gjergj Kastrioti
Skandarbeg from 1443 to 1468.

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 Religion
Christianity was spread in urban centers in the
region of Albania during the later period of the
Roman Empire.
Muslymanity was spread during the 14 century by
the Ottoman Empire
After Independence (1912) from the Ottoman
Empire, the Albanian republican , monarchic and
later Communist regimes followed a systematic
policy of separating religion from official functions
and cultural life.
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Albanian people that we are proud

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Phrases
Miremengjes (good morning)
Miredita (good day)
Mirembrema (good evening)
C'kemi (what's up)
Mirupafshim (goodbye)
Ju lutem (please)
Faleminderit(thank you)
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 Attractions
Albania has a beautiful coast with clear blue seas. Dajti Mountain located
in Tirana boasts spectacular views over the region. In Butrint, which is a
world heritage site, there are many ancient ruins to explore. Petrela Castle
and Skanderbeg Castle are popular attractions. Visiting the local cafes is a
worthwhile experience and there is plenty of nighttime entertainment
including bars and clubs. The Grand Park in Tirania is a good place to go
hiking. Other sport facilities such as fishing and bowling are available. In
bigger cities theaters, music performances and cinemas offer
entertainment.

Shopping
Albania has many shopping options and items on sale include carpets,
crafts, woodcarvings, musical instruments and embroidery. Good places
to go shopping include Tirana and the bazaar of Kruja. Bazaars offer a
chance to mingle with the locals and get a glimpse
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Albania from Air

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