PRODUCTION AND OPERATION

MANAGEMENT
ISO 9000

 International organization for standardization

 Geneva, Switzerland
 91 member countries
 There are about 200 technical committees covering
many industry sectors and products.
 It is a program for process quality certification.
 Developed behalf of European Economic
Community- now- world wide
 EC companies are requiring their supplier to be
registered for cross border trading between countries
‘ISO 9000’ Series

 Five series starting from 9000 to 9004

 ISO 9000 (overview , requirements)
 ISO 9001 (20 quality elements)
 ISO 9002 (Production and installation function)
 ISO 9003 (product inspection and testing)
 ISO 9004 (recommended standards)
To be an ISO 9000 company

 To be registered
 Company has been audited by independent
agency to give certificate for quality
adherence.
 Valid for 3 years.
 Internal and external audits are done to
ensure the quality and to meet the required
standards.
Benefits

 It has become a tool for self improvements

and to make company more competitive.
 Company capable of providing products that
would meet the agreed quality standards
SIX SIGMA

 Six sigma is used to demonstrate the high

standard of quality capability.
 Business improvement stratergy
 Objective is to achieve the very high level of
quality that nearly eliminates any defects
from every product, process and transaction.
Concept

 Six sigma is used to improve the

manufacturing, services, or financial process.
 To achieve an overall improvement through
selection of right projects.
 In statistical terms, that there would not be
more than 3 defects per million(3/1,000,000)
 Number 3 is based on assumption that specifies
limits are 6 standard deviations.
LCL UCL
------ 6 sigma -------
------- zone --------
of
Acceptance
Elements

5 phases
 Define
 Measure
 Analyze
 Improve
 Control
Advantages

 Reduction in cost
 Less defects
 Reduced cycle time
 Increased capacity
 Higher flexibility
 Better products
 Better management decisions
Limitations

 It is not justified for short duration products

 Suitable for high value projects only
 Cost of implementation of six sigma is very
high.
 It is a combination of old optimization tools
and it does not offer new tools and
techniques.
THANK YOU…..