Chernobyl disaster and experience

of population protection from

nuclear accident

Boris Ledoshchuk, MD, PhD, Prof.

Kiev Medical University
Natalia Gudzenko, MD
Research Center for Radiation
Medicine of the AMS of Ukraine

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phe outstanding prophylactic
measures were performed on
the wide territories of Ukraine,
Russia and Belarus for the
minimizing of the population
irradiation.
potal number of the resettled
persons was more than 150
thousand persons.

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 Chernobyl Catastrophe Victims
comprise four main groups
- GGroup 1: persons involved in the clean-up
operations at the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant
(liquidators).
- GGroup 2: Persons evacuated from the
exclusion zone in 1986 (evacuees)
- GGroup 3: Persons resident in the territories
monitored (relocation zone) or resident there
immediately after the accident (residents).
- GGroup 4. Children born to parents in Groups
1-3 (offspring).
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 Ukrainian State Registry for the
persons suffered following
Chernobyl catastrophe
V
V V
V


Goals of the Registry creation and

functioning are:
å registration of sufferers
å monitoring of their health status changes in
the short-term and long-term perspective for
the medical and social interventions

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Structure of persons registered at the
State Chernobyl Registry (SChR), 2004

R

R




 R

     

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 Names (first, last, patronymic)
Place of residence,
Gender, Date of birth, Date of
Identifiers registration,
(passport, Registration group,
registration data) Codes of the medical institution,
Number of the victim certificate

Place of stay in the contaminated area,

Data on the stay Period of stay in the contaminated area,
in the Dose of the external irradiation,
contaminated area phyroid dose

Date of medical examination;

Diseases first diagnosed in the current
Data on the year, other diagnoses (ICD-9, ICD-10)
annual medical Date of death, Cause of death,
examinations Data on the disability group, diagnose
etc) Chronic diseases diagnosed before
the accident 
Main problems to be solved at
the State Registry:

Completeness of the registration (hundred

thousands of victims, living over the
country)

Completeness of the individual data collected

(identification data, impact factor,
possible modifiers of the effect, results
of the medical examination)

Quality of the data registered

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Structure of the male liquidators by years of
their clean-
clean-up activities (SChR data, 2004)


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Age structure of the male liquidators
(SChR data, 2004)



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 Distribution of doses registered at the State
Chernobyl registry in liquidators in 1986-
1986-1989
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60,0  

40,0  

20,0    

7,8 %

0,0

15 - 19.9

25 - 49.9
10-14.9

20-24.9

50 ɢ ɜɵɲɟ
5 - 9.9


    

   
   

   

  
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 State Chernobyl Registry:
Feasibilities
å phe State Registry is the sufficient tool of
the registration and follow up of the
Chernobyl Disaster victims

å It contains the personal data (names,

addresses, dates of: birth, death,
diagnosing and registration, diagnosis)

å Contains all necessary peaces of

information for the person identification
and tracing
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 State Chernobyl Registry:
Limitations
å Use of the radiation dose values officially
registered in the SChR for the dose-dependent
diseases risks estimation is limited by their
incompleteness and uncertain precision

å No information on the modifiers of the risk factor

å phe registration of the target diseases may be

delayed and incomplete during the whole post-
accidental period.

å phe diseases registered need to be verified by

experts panel to clarify the type of the diagnoses.
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phe successful assessment of the
health outcomes of the Chernobyl
Catastrophe and prevention of the
possible future negative effects is in
the combining of the international
scientific, financial and humanitarian
effortes for the solving these
problems

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 phe suspected medical effects of the
Chernobyl disaster are being studied:
å Ukrainian-American study of leukemia and related diseases in
clean-up workers. (RCRM of the AMS of Ukraine, NCI, USA)
å Franco-German study of leukemia incidence in children and
adults in several oblasts in Ukraine. (RCRM of the AMS of
Ukraine)
å International Consortium For Research on the Health Effects
of Radiation case-control study of childhood leukemia in
Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia.
å Ukraine-Belarus-USA study on childhood thyroid cancer.
(Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kiev, Ukraine,
NCI, USA)
å phe Ukrainian/American Chernobyl Ocular Study (UACOS)
å Preliminary study on the feasibility of case-control studies of
breast cancer among residents of contaminated regions of
Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. IARC and ICRHER
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 Distribution of the information on the
radiological disasters and knowledge on
the effects of irradiation is a sufficient
way of population protection and safety

å Global System of the urgent information

distribution on radiological accidents
å phe Ip technologies (SuperCourse)
å Scientific conferences and seminars
å Educational programs (IAEA, Japan,
USA, Ukraine, Russia)

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le are most grateful to Professor LaPorte
and his colleagues for the great
opportunity to participate the Symposium

Prof. B.Ledoshchuk and Dr. N.Gudzenko

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