|
|

„ Introduction of Europe
„ World War I
„ Statistics Of Europe
„ Facts OF Europe
„ Scandinavian Countries
„ European Languages
„ Currency
„ Exports and Imports
„ EUMS
„ Countries And Capitals


 



 



„ Europe is one of the world's seven continents.

„ Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia.

„ Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean and other

bodies of water to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to
the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and
the Black Sea and connected waterways to the
southeast..

 
 



„ Europe, the planet's 6th largest continent includes 47 countries

and assorted dependencies and territories.
„ In exacting geographic definitions, Europe is really not a
continent, but part of the peninsula of Eurasia which includes all
of Europe and Asia. However, it's still widely referred to as a
continent.
„ The European continent is separated from Asia by Russia's Ural
Mountains, and the Caspian and Black Seas.
„ Europe's highest point, just north of the Georgia border in
European Russia is Mt. Elbrus at 18,481 ft (5,633m). Its lowest
point is on the edge of the Caspian Sea, at 92 ft (28m) below sea
level.
 MM|
„ World War I was a military conflict
centered on Europe that began in
the summer of 1914.

„ The fighting ended in late 1918.

„ This conflict involved most of the

world's great powers, assembled in
two opposing alliances: the Allies
and the Central Powers.
 MM|
Allied Powers Central Powers
‡ France
‡ German Empire
‡ British Empire
‡ Austria--Hungary
Austria
‡ Russian Empire
‡ Ottoman Empire
‡ Italy
‡ Bulgaria
‡ United States
‡ Romania
‡ Japan
‡ Serbia
‡ Belgium
‡ Greece
‡ Portugal
‡ Montenegro
 MM|

„ More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million

Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history.

„ More than 15 million people were killed.

„ The war is also known as the First World War, the Great War,
the World War, and the War to End All Wars.

„ The assassination on 28 June 1914 of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

of Austria, the heir to the throne of Austria-
Austria-Hungary, is seen as
the immediate trigger of the war.
 MM|
„ Long-term causes, such as imperialistic foreign policies of the
Long-
great powers of Europe, such as the German Empire, the
Austro--Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Russian
Austro
Empire, the British Empire, France, and Italy, played a major
role.

„ So within weeks the major powers were at war; as all had

colonies, the conflict soon spread around the world.

„ The conflict opened with the German invasion of Belgium,

Luxembourg and France; the Austro-
Austro-Hungarian invasion of
Serbia and a Russian attack against Germany.
 MM|
„ In the East, the Russian army successfully fought against the
Austro--Hungarian forces but was forced back by the German
Austro
army.

„ Additional fronts opened after the Ottoman Empire joined the

war in 1914, Italy and Bulgaria in 1915 and Romania in 1916.
The Russian Empire collapsed in 1917, and Russia left the war
after the October Revolution later that year.

„ After a 1918 German offensive along the western front, United

States forces entered the trenches and the allies drove back the
German armies in a series of successful offensives.
 MM|

„ Germany agreed to a cease fire on Armistice Day, November 11,

1918.

„ By the war's end, four major imperial powers³

powers³the German,
Russian, Austro-
Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman Empires³
Empires³had been
militarily and politically defeated. The last two ceased to exist.

„ The revolutionized Soviet Union emerged from the Russian

Empire, while the map of central Europe was completely
redrawn into numerous smaller states.
 MM|

„ The League of Nations was formed in the hope of preventing

another such conflict.

„ The European nationalism spawned by the war and the break-

break-up
of empires, and the repercussions of Germany's defeat and the
Treaty of Versailles led to the beginning of World War II in
1939.
 ’ 


 
EUROPE

„ Continent Size:
9,938,000 sq km
3,837,081 sq miles

„ Percent of Earth's Land: 6.7%

„ Population: 732,759,000 (2010)

 × 
 

„ Second smallest continent in the world.

i.e 2% of earth surface.
„ 6.8% of its land area.
„ Russia is the largest by area and population whereas Vatican city
is the smallest.
„ Europe is the 3rd most populous continent after Asia and Africa.
„ Antwerp is the world·s 4th largest port and also the world·s
biggest diamond-
diamond-trading centre which is in Belgium.
 × 
 

„ Lake Titicaca on the Peru-

Peru-Bolivian border is the highest lake in
the world(3812 m).
„ Brazil is the number one coffee producer for more than a
century.
„ Brazil is the world·s biggest catholic country. Roughly 75% of it·s
total population are Catholics.
„ A traditional fox hunt in Oberschleisheim, Germany, Sept 6.
„ Andorrans have the highest life expectancy in the world.
 × 
 

„ France is the largest food producer and exporter in Western

Europe.
„ Ireland is the birthplace of many famous English-
English-language
writers, among them W.B. Yeats, James Joyce, Samuel Beckett,
Oscar Wilde and George Bernard Shaw.
„ Switzerland is a leading world banking centre and the seat of
many UN and other international agencies.
„ Turkey is the world·s second largest producer of sultana raisins.
„ Norway is the land of midnight sun.
 ’ |||

„ Scandinavia is a historical and geographical region centered on

the Scandinavian peninsula of Northern Europe.
„ Mainly, Scandinavia is defined as the three kingdoms that
historically shared the Scandinavian Peninsula. They are
represented by the countries of:

‡Denmark
‡Norway
‡Sweden
‡and usually Finland and Iceland

 
„ English
„ French
„ German
„ Greek
„ Italian
„ Spanish
„ Portuguese
„ Nordic
„ East European
languages
   

„ On January 1, 1999, 12
European Union countries
chose to form an economic and
monetary union (EMU) and
started using the euro.

„ The 12 countries locked their

exchange rates to the euro.

„ On January 21, 2002, euro notes

and coins became available.

 

„ Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy,

Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal and Spain. Since then,
Greece and Slovenia have joined the Eurozone.

 
 

„ Hundreds of rivers and their

tributaries cross the
European continent. Here we
highlight those over 600
miles in length, and a few
others of note.
 
’|

’
„ Six percent of the world·s population currently live in the
European Union and produce 40 percent of the worldwide
requirement for natural stone

„ These countries export more than 9.5 million tons of semi-

semi-
finished and finished natural stone products a year, which make
up over 41 percent of the world market.

„ For this purpose, these countries import over 9 million tons a

year, almost 40 percent of world production.

„ In the past years, the countries of the European Union registered

average growth of almost five percent for exports and over seven
percent for imports.
 
’|

’
„ The latter figure corresponds to the worldwide tendency,
whereas the growth of exports was slower, mainly due to the
very small growth of Italian exports.

„ In spite of the growth of natural stone markets in the Far East,

Europe confirmed its leading role in the world stone market with
these figures, plus some of the best prices are paid in Europe.

„ The major natural stone consumption countries are still

Germany, France and Holland.

„ Overall, the European natural stone sector shows much larger

growth than other markets in these countries.



’
|

’
„ Austria „ Italy
„ Belgium „ Latvia
„ Bulgaria „ Lithuania
„ Cyprus „ Luxembourg
„ Czech Republic „ Malta
„ Denmark „ Netherlands
„ Estonia „ Poland
„ Finland „ Portugal
„ France „ Romania
„ Germany „ Slovakia
„ Greece „ Slovenia
„ Hungary „ Spain
„ Ireland „ Sweden
„ United Kingdom

  
×
 

’ |
|’
Name Of The Country Capital
Albania Tirana
Andorra Andorra
Armenia Yerevan
Austria Viena
Belarus Minsk
Belgium Brussels
Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo
Bulgaria Sofia
 

’ |
|’
Croatia Zagreb
Cyprus Nicosia
Czech Republic Prague
Denmark Copenhagen
Estonia Tallinn
Finland Helsinki
France Paris
Germany Berlin
Greece Athens
 

’ |
|’
Hungary Budapest
Iceland Rekjavik
Ireland Dublin
Italy Rome
Kosovo Pristina
Latvia Riga
Liechenstein Vaduz
Lithuania Vilnius
Luxembourg Luxembourg city
 

’ |
|’
Macedonia Skopje
Malta La Valetta
Moldova Chisinao
Monaco Monaco
Montenegro Podgorica
Netherlands Amsterdam
Norway Oslo
Poland Warsaw
Portugal Lisban
 

’ |
|’
Romania Bucharest
Russia Moscow
San Marino City of San Marino
Serbia Belgrade
Slovakia Bratislava
Slovenia Ljubljana
Spain Madrid
Swedan Stockholm
 

’ |
|’

Switzerland Bern
Turkey Ankara
Ukraine Kiev
United Kingdom London
Vatican City Vatican City