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LECTURE 13: VIBRATION

MEASUREMENT
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º Introduction
º Measurement of natural
frequencies
º Types of vibration
transducers

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º Mechanical vibration involves

frequency, amplitude and waveform.
º Dynamic measurement ± varies with
time
º Measure displacement, velocity or
acceleration to determine vibratory
response

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º Referlab sheets: Dynamic & vibration
measurements

º If we have a SDOF system, whereby it

has stiffness ã, damper coefficient
and mass
and excitation force  can
be described by the following 2nd order
differential equation

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º Îiezoelectricaccelerometers
º Strain gauges accelerometers
º Vibrometers

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º Consists of seismic mass and

longitudinal piezoelectric effect, which
measure acceleration due to applied
force
º Can measure up to 1000g
º Can be expensive but natural frequency
is very high (up to 125 kHz) with upper
frequency limit of 25 kHz.

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º Consist of a Wheatstone bridge with 4

active gauges (which detect the bending
of beam) and damping fluid
º Can measure up to 1000g
º Less expensive than piezoelectric but,
lower natural frequency with upper
frequency limits as 2 kHz

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º Consists of mass-spring-damper
system, using potentiometer or LVDT to
measure displacement.
º Good with moderate frequencies and
large displacement amplitudes.

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1. List 4 types of pressure transducers.
[4]
2. List 3 types of flow transducers.
[3]
3. What is microphone used for?
[2]
4. Define sound pressure level, SÎL, and state its
unit.
[3]
5. Define sound power level, ÎWL, and state its unit.
[3]

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Q1: Bourdon Tube Îressure Gauge [1]
Liquid Type Manometer [1]
Diaphragm Type Îressure Transducer [1]
Îiezoelectric Type Îressure Transducer [1]

Q2: Three of these:

Îitot tube, Venturi meter, Orifice Meter, Rotameter, Magnetic flow meter, Turbine flow
meter
[3]

Q3: Microphone is used to measure sound pressure and convert the signal into electrical
form
[2]

Q4: SÎL is the ratio of measured pressure wrt reference pressure, dB re 20 23"
[3]

Q5: ÎWL is the ratio of power wrt reference power, dB re 10-12 W

[3]

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º Can we combine class?

± BMCS-K1: 15
± BMCT-K1: 8
± BMCT-K2: 5
º Head counts..

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º Analogue and digital signal conditioning

º Temperature measurement
º Strain measurement
º Answer all
º 1 ½ hours
º Friday 5/10 8.30-10pm

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