presented by EASTERN

Educator And Student Trafficking Education Resource Network

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“Sex trafficking in which a
commercial sex act is induced by
force, fraud, or coercion,”

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 “force, fraud, or coercion,”
Here is how the law explains it . . .

“Force” means any form of power,

violence, or physical pressure
directed against another person.

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 “force, fraud, or coercion,”
Here is how what the law explains it . . .

“Fraud” means any deliberate act of

deception, trickery or
misrepresentation.

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 “force, fraud, or coercion,”
Here is how what the law explains it . . .
“Coercion” means manipulation. It
occurs when any threat, scheme, plan,
pattern, or abuse of the law or the legal
process, makes a person believe they
will be harmed if they don’t do
something.

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“Sex trafficking in which a
commercial sex act is
induced by
force, fraud, or coercion,”

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“…in which the person
induced to perform
such an act
has not attained
18 years of age”

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 Got That?

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 It means . . .
Anyone Under 18 years old – THAT’S YOU –
working in:
 Prostitution
 “Exotic Dancing”
 Pornography
 Or any other sex-related act for money
is a VICTIM of Sex Trafficking

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It means . . .
Sex Trafficking Makes its Victims Whenever . . .

Anyone under 18-years old is involved in commercial

sex acts
or
Anyone 18 years-old or over is involved in
commercial sex acts through force, fraud or coercion.

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Who are these
Victims ?

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 Look
Next to
You…
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 Look
Everywhere …

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 Look
in the
Mirror …
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 Trafficking in Persons Report (TIP) 2010
Released June 16, 2010

“The United States is a source,

transit, and destination country for
men, women, and children subjected
to trafficking in persons, specifically
forced labor, debt bondage, and
forced prostitution.”

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  Female and Male
 Gay, Straight, Bi, TG, - everyone
 Of every ethnicity, race, culture and religion
 From every social and economic group

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 More Vulnerable because they …
 Are often Runaways or “Throwaways”
 Lack Close Family Support
 Use Drugs (illegal, prescription, etc.)
 Don’t Have Friends Looking Out for Them
 Are Not Getting Proper Care or Attention

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 More Vulnerable because they …
 Are often Runaways or “Throwaways”

 Lack Close Family Support

 Use Drugs (illegal, prescription, etc.)

 Don’t Have Friends Looking Out for Them

 Are Not Getting Proper Care or Attention

But Most of all,

They Are Often . . .

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 Victims of
Abuse
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 Everywhere

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  Physically and/or psychologically controlled
by pimps, boyfriends, and even family.
 Trained by them to tell lies and false stories
 Victims learn to distrust service providers &

law enforcement
 Frequently moved from place to place
 Technology can help disguise the real age of

the victim
 Fake I.D.s are easy to obtain

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  They are ashamed, humiliated and
embarrassed.
 They are afraid of going to jail or juvi
 They are afraid of being hurt
 They are afraid of their family or friends

being harmed.

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  They are ashamed, humiliated and
embarrassed.
 They are afraid of going to jail or juvi
 They are afraid of being hurt
 They are afraid of their family or friends

being harmed.
 They Don’t Want
to Be Found . . .
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 They Don’t Want
to Be Found,

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 They Don’t Want
to Be Found,

BUT . . .
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 They Don’t Want
to Be Found,
But…
They Still Want to Be Free.

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  Captivity, confinement and isolation
Victims have been removed, locked away and isolated from friends and
family

 Use and threat of violence

Victims have been beaten, raped, tortured, assaulted and threatened
with knives, guns, and other weapons

 Fear, shame, self-blame and hopelessness

Victims have been so traumatized, they blame themselves for their abuse
and see no way to escape the situation

 Dependency or “Addicted to the Pimp”

Victims have become physically, financially or emotionally dependent on
the trafficker; they have bonded with the abuser through traumatic
bonding (a.k.a. Stockholm Syndrome). They think they can’t survive
without him

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 Distrust of law enforcement
Victims are told that law enforcement will arrest or harm them

 Debt bondage
Victims are trapped in never ending cycles of false debt and are made to
believe they cannot leave until this debt is paid off

 Misinformation/false promises
Victims are promised love, money, safety or other desires if they stay
with the pimp

 Lack of knowledge of social systems

Victims don’t know how or where to seek help.

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 False Self Image.
Victims are made to believe that being raped, sold, and used for sex is
their only purpose in life. They eventually believe this abuse is normal.

 No Escape
Victims see no other option.

 Surrender
Victims come to surrender their own will and give up completely.

 Promotion
Victims sometimes are “promoted” and become traffickers themselves.

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  Sudden excess amounts of cash or new
clothes, jewelry, electronics, etc.
 False or no explanation for new stuff
 Explanations may include “just a friend,” a

“boyfriend,” or an older man with no name or

a one-word street name.
 Signs of branding (tattoo, jewelry, piercings)
 Sudden change in style or physical

appearance (clothing, hair, nails, shoes, etc.)

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  Starts referring to herself by another name
 Chronic runaway/homeless youth
 Lying about age/false identification
 No identification (license, passport, etc.)
 Claims to be an adult though appearance

suggests adolescent features

 Inconsistencies in stories about herself
 Lack of knowledge of a given community or

whereabouts
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  Suddenly has new – often older - anonymous
group of friends or acquaintances who are
not shared with former friends or family.
 Presence of an overly controlling and abusive
“boyfriend”
 Inability or fear to make eye contact and
communicate directly
 Difficulty telling the truth.
 Unwilling to give details about daily activities
or whereabouts.

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  Injuries or signs of physical abuse
 Restricted or scripted communication
 Demeanor – fear, anxiety, depression,
submissive, tense, nervous
 Awake at night. Exhausted during the day.
 Knowledgeable and casual about all forms of
contraceptives
 Disinterested in age-appropriate activities
 Interested or has “friends” who are involved in
“exotic dancing” or pornography
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  The Man:
 Pimp or trafficker might be referred to as “Daddy”
or some other authoritative name.
 She must call him frequently or at appointed times
 She does not know or explain where he gets his
money though she brags about how much he has.
 She is often called away by him no matter what
time of day it is or what she is doing
 She is restricted from participating in her previous
interests, hobbies, or social circles.
 She disappears for days at a time.

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  The Items:
 Multiple or constantly changing cell phones
(ringing at all hours)
 Drugs (street and prescription)
 Drug paraphernalia
 Cigarettes (new habit)
 Excessive makeup
 Driving different cars
 Hotel room keys
 Miscellaneous gifts (jewelry, purses, shoes, etc.)
 Men’s items (Wallet, clothes, belt, etc.)

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 A friend or someone you know exhibits RED FLAGS

 How do you respond to them?

 Do you tell anyone else?
 Who do you tell?
 How do you tell them?
 What do you tell them?

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 A friend or someone you know exhibits RED FLAGS

 How do you respond to them?

Tell them you are worried about them and

you want to help any way you can.

DO NOT try to handle this on your own.

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 A friend or someone you know exhibits RED FLAGS

 How do you respond to them?

Try to remember – or write down – all the

details you can. Remember, you may be
witnessing the victim of a crime. It’s not fair
that you’re the one who ended up seeing it,
but now you have a responsibility.

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 A friend or someone you know exhibits RED FLAGS
 Do you tell anyone else? Who? How?
 Immediately tell the facts to someone you
trust and who will be sensitive to what you
are telling them.

 Parent, Relative, Teacher, Police, Minister,

etc.
 Any responsible adult who has authority to
take action.
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 A friend or someone you know exhibits RED FLAGS

Call the
National Trafficking
Hotline
888-373-7888
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 A friend or someone you know exhibits RED FLAGS

 What do you say?

 How do you respond?
 What actions do you take to make sure
they are safe?
 Who do you tell?
 How do you tell them?
 What do you tell them?

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 A friend or someone you know exhibits some of
these RED FLAGS.

Discuss What
YOU Will do.

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 Take a few minutes.
Describe who YOU think
the Traffickers are . . .

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 A pimp, boyfriend, father, mother, brother,
uncle, coach, teacher or anyone exerting
control over a minor, even a peer…

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 A pimp, boyfriend, father, mother, brother,
uncle, coach, teacher or anyone exerting
control over a minor, even a peer…
 Not always organized criminals

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 A pimp, boyfriend, father, mother, brother,
uncle, coach, teacher or anyone exerting
control over a minor, even a peer…
 Not always organized criminals
 Both men and women of varying ages

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 A pimp, boyfriend, father, mother, brother,
uncle, coach, teacher or anyone exerting
control over a minor, even a peer…
 Not always organized criminals
 Both men and women of varying ages
 Any ethnicity or race

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 A pimp, boyfriend, father, mother, brother,
uncle, coach, teacher or anyone exerting
control over a minor, even a peer…
 Not always organized criminals
 Both men and women of varying ages
 Any ethnicity or race
 Anyone who benefits from the commercial

sexual exploitation of a minor or facilitates

the commercial sexual exploitation of a
minor
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Pimps of all kinds are
masters of seduction.
 Intelligent
 Charming,
 Full of promises, flattery, etc.
 Manipulative

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Pimps of all kinds are
masters of seduction.
They can easily identify the
most vulnerable young
people and exploit them
very quickly.
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Once seduced, pimps use
abuse, drugs, even torture,
to control their victims.

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Once seduced, pimps use
abuse, drugs, even torture,
to control their victims.
They get complete obedience
by destroying a victim’s will
to decide their own fate.
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 What Specific Tactics to
Pimps use to Control
Victims?

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Pimps use every kind of abuse necessary to control
their victims:
Physical Abuse
Psychological Abuse
Emotional Abuse
Fear
Threats to their family
Threats of exposure
Drugs of all kinds
Starvation
Rejection
Abandonment

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Pimps also use the increased
acceptance of prostitution
along with the glamorization
of “pimp” and “ho” culture to
control and hide their
victims.
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 Dennis Paris used three minors (the
youngest being fourteen-years-old at the
time of the offense) in violation of sex
trafficking laws and used force, fraud, or
coercion against two additional eighteen-
year-old victims.

He also purchased two eighteen-year-old

females from another pimp, to use as
prostitutes, for $1,200.

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 In June 2007, Dennis Paris was tried by a
Federal jury in the Connecticut on:
 21counts including
 4 counts of Sex Trafficking
 13 counts of Use of Interstate Facility to

Promote Prostitution
 1 count of Conspiracy to Use
Interstate Facilities to Promote
Prostitution
 3 counts of Money Laundering.

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 After only three hours of deliberation, a
12-member jury found Paris guilty of all
21counts against him.

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 After only three hours of deliberation, a
12-member jury found Paris guilty of all
21counts against him.

Dennis Paris was sentenced to 360 months

in prison, 5 years of supervised release,
and $46,116 in restitution. He is now
inmate #16849-014 at the high-security
Lee United States Penitentiary in
Jonesville, Virginia. His projected release
date is June 24, 2032.

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 "As this case illustrates, human
trafficking can victimize any
vulnerable person, including
U.S. citizens, and girls as young
as 14-years-old.”
Grace Chung Becker
Assistant Attorney General
Civil Rights Division
US Department of Justice

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 Take a few minutes.
Discuss who
YOU think
the buyers are . . .
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 Buyers, usually called
“johns,” are . . .

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 … The people who receive
sexual services – paid for by
monetary or non-monetary
means.

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 … From all ages, ethnicities,
education levels, professions,
and every social and economic
backgrounds.

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 … Equally responsible for the
crime of Commercial Sexual
Exploitation despite their lack
of intent or knowledge of the
victim’s age.

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 According to a two-year study in Chicago, 89%
of the arrests were female victims of
commercial sex acts, 9.6% were male
purchasers of commercial sex acts, and 0.6%
were pimps.

Do you think this arrest ratio would be the

same in your city?

Why do you think there are so many more

arrests for selling sex than for buying sex?

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 What do YOU believe
about
Sex Trafficking and
Commercial Sexual
Exploitation?

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 Myth:
The victim knew what she was
getting into.

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 Myth:
The victim knew what she was
getting into.

Fact:
Victims are often seduced,
coerced, tricked or forced into
prostitution by pimps.

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 Myth:
As a prostitute, the victim is
breaking the law.

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 Myth:
As a prostitute, the victim is
breaking the law.

Fact:
She is a victim of the crime of
sex trafficking.

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 Myth:
The victim was paid for her
services.

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 Myth:
The victim was paid for her
services.
Fact:
The money usually goes to
the pimp; the victim rarely
keeps any.

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 Myth:
The victim has freedom of
movement and can come and
go at her own free will.

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 Myth:
The has freedom of movement.
Fact:
Victims are held in physical
and/or emotional bondage
and are not free to leave.

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 Myth:
US citizens can’t be trafficked.

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 Myth:
US citizens can’t be trafficked.

Fact:
Anyone can be a victim of Sex
Trafficking, no matter who
they are or where they are
from.

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 Myth:
It’s not trafficking when the
trafficker and victim are
related.

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 Myth:
It’s not trafficking when the
trafficker and victim are
related.
Fact:
Anyone who profits from a
victim is a trafficker.

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 Myth:
It’s not trafficking unless
victims are moved across
borders.

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 Myth:
It’s not trafficking unless
victims are moved across
borders.
Fact:
Trafficking refers to the
Commercial Sexual
Exploitation of a victim, not
the act of moving someone.
someone
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 What Do You think
the Biggest Challenges are
in fighting
Sex Trafficking
and keeping people safe?

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 Lack of shelters and social services for
victims

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 Lack of shelters and social services for
victims
 Difficult to identify victims & traffickers

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 Lack of shelters and social services for
victims
 Difficult to identify victims & traffickers
 Cooperation of victims difficult to obtain

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 Lack of shelters and social services for
victims
 Difficult to identify victims & traffickers
 Cooperation of victims difficult to obtain
 Discrepancies between federal and state

laws

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 Lack of shelters and social services for
victims
 Difficult to identify victims & traffickers
 Cooperation of victims difficult to obtain
 Discrepancies between federal and state

laws
 Lack of public knowledge/prevention

programs

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 Do you think you know a victim
of Sex Trafficking or any kind
of Commercial Sexual
Exploitation?

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 What would you do to handle
the situation?

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 What groups or individuals in
our community are key to
fighting Sex Trafficking and
protecting potential victims?

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 What can our entire community
do to fight Sex Trafficking and
protect potential victims?

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 One
More
Question
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 What are you
willing to do?

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presented by EASTERN
Educator And Student Trafficking Education Resource Network
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