FPR Presentation For ITCOA - Amos Owamani

ENABLING RURAL INNOVATION (ERI)
FARMER PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH

– PRACTICE
PRESENTED BY
Amos Owamani
Farmer to Market Project (F2M) & INSPIRE
CIAT-International Center for Tropical Agriculture
P.O.Box 6247 Kampala-Uganda
Mobile: +256 (0) 789/704 777 188
owamani@yahoo.com
www.ciat.cgiar.org/africa
www.go-organic.org
International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Makerere University Kampala (MUK), Sokoine
University of Agriculture (SUA), & International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Kampala, Uganda, 7 – 28th July 2007
Module outline:
• Aims and objectives of the module
.• General introduction
• Steps
• Farmers’ role
• Stakeholders involved
• Lessons and experiences
• Challenges
• Practical knowledge of setting and management of
experiments.

University of Agriculture (SUA), & International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Kampala, Uganda, 7 – 28th July 2007
Aims and objectives of the module
• Understanding the practical context and

implication of FPR
• Share knowledge and experiences on farmer led
experimentation
• Practical knowledge on setting experiments

University of Agriculture (SUA), University of Nairobi (UON) & International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Kampala,
Uganda, 11th July – 1st August 2009
General Introduction
• Agriculture remains the backbone of most economies in
LDCs
• The common crop varieties grown are generally low yielding,

highly susceptible to pests and diseases, not tolerant to
drought and hence do not attract markets
• Emphasis in agricultural research has been on researcher

managed. Researcher implemented approach and even in
cases where no farm trials have been conducted the researcher
input has been overwhelming

Introduction cont…
• In all these cases, the end user is left out of the
technology generation process and becomes a mere
recipient
• The end result of this scenario is; low productivity,

adoption, poor soil management, poor yields and
livelihoods

FARMER LED RESEARCH /
EXPERIMENTATION
• In light of the above shortcomings, a new approach called FPR
(Farmer Participatory Research) was developed
• It is a farmer led research/experimentation and it links research
to development
• It empowers farmers to develop their own solutions to
agricultural problems and constraints and follows several steps

STEPS IN FARMER PARTICIPATORY
RESEARCH (FPR)
In practice FPR follows the following steps
a) Diagnosis / visioning
– Problem identification and analysis
– Situation analysis
– Desired short and long term results

STEPS…
b) Planning
• Collective planning with all stakeholders e.g. farmers,
researchers, extentionists etc
• Selecting and prioritizing technology options for
experimentation

TAKING EXP MEASUREMENTS

Steps in FPR…
c) Developing a participatory Research Protocol
– Title
– Location
– Sites
– Researchers/Investigators
– Roles and Responsibilities of various stakeholders
– M&E Committee
– Background and justification – this should be linked to PD
– Hypothesis

CONT’N PROTOCOL
Objectives – these should be linked to PD
– Materials and methods
– Experimentation design
– Monitoring and data collection – develop parameters for monitoring
– Expected out put
– Data analysis
– Cost benefit analysis
– PME of the experimentation
– Work plan – list of activities – land preparation – harvesting
– Budget

Steps…
d) Material and site preparation
– Seeds
– In puts – compost measuring materials
– Land preparation – time
e) Setting experiments
– Measurements
– Planting
– Labeling – treatment, variety, replication
f) Monitoring and data collection
• Parameters for monitoring e.g. germination, vigor, disease level etc
• Records – guidance from facilitators
• Regular assessments / evaluation
• Experimentation monitoring and evaluation committee responsible for data
collection and monitoring

Steps…
g) Harvesting
• This is done by farmers
• Measurements are done in Kgs – yields, varieties, treatments
• Sorting in different sizes
h) Evaluation
• Participatory evaluation of the performance of experiments
• Data analysis
• Decision making with guidance of facilitators
• Sharing results with various stake holders
i) Seed multiplication
• Setting seed multiplication fields

Steps…
j) Business plan
• Developing a business plan to adopt technologies and
becoming large / commercial organic farmers
• Key components of the business plan
ַ Group or association name
ַ Organic experience and proposed business activities
ַ Detailed description of the proposed action plan
ַ Materials/ inputs, sources, budget and time frame
ַ Expected outcomes
ַ Monitoring
ַ Available resources

Farmers’ roles and responsibilities
• Contributing land
• Providing materials e.g. compost
• Participation in setting experiments, weeding, pests and
disease control, harvesting
• Experiment management
• Monitoring and data collection basing on parameters
• Experiment evaluation
• Decision making
• Information sharing & dissemination to follow farmers

Stakeholders involved
• Farmers
• Researchers and research institutions
• Sub-county and District agriculture and NAADS
Departments
• Government – local leaders/policy makers
• NGOs

Lessons
• Farmer led process ensure ownership
• Farmers can easily acquire practical skills and
knowledge
• Bottom up approach best for achieving
sustainable results
• Adoption is high
• Easy to scale up and out technologies
• Farmers are able to do things on their own

CHALLENGES
• It takes along time to get results
• Farmers often want to experiment for one season
• Record keeping and sharing of information to
other members of the community
• Farmers assume that the owner of land is the
owner of experimentation

Practical knowledge on setting
and mgt of experiments:
A case study on bean varieties
• This case study is based on FPR conducted in Mukono
on bean varieties
• The objective of this session is to take students through
the key components of a scientific Research Practical
• To share experiences, knowledge and lessons in
conducting FPR
• To conduct a practical with students in order for them to
have hands-on experience and skills

COMPONENTS OF A RESEARCH
PROTOCOL
Title: Assessment of the performance of new bean varieties
(in terms of yield, pests/disease tolerance, maturity
period, palatability) for food security and marketing in four
villages in Mukono District
Location:
• Village, Sub County and District
• GPS records of the site location
• Experimentation sites

Components…
Monitoring and data collection
Expected output:
• Variety for adoption
• Variety suitable for home consumption and market
• Data analysis:
-Agronomic or field data analysis
-Simple analysis
• Cost benefit analysis

Parameters for monitoring
• Time to germination (days after planting to time when
each variety starts germinating)
• Percentage germination
• Plant vigor
• Diseases and pests level
• Maturity period
• Pods per plant
• Yield (kgs)
• Tolerance to drought
• Palatability test
• Cost of production, etc

Experimental designs for bean varieties
3m
Local N4 N5 N 11 12C
R1
3m
1m
N12 N11 Local N4 N5

R2
N4 N5 N12C N11 Local

R3
R3
1m
Components…
• Participatory M&E of experiment: Data collected will be
categorized with agronomic performance, economic,
assessment and input and then used for discussion and
decision making
• Work plan
-Activities from land preparation to harvesting
-Soil sampling, GPS recording
-Enterprise development (training)

CONCLUSION
As farmers start to develop agro-enterprise and

diversifying their market oriented production, they
need to gain new knowledge and skills through
FPR in order for them to understand soil fertility,
pest management so they can sustain more
intensive, market oriented production and
overcome constraints to developing profitable
enterprises


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ENABLING RURAL INNOVATION (ERI)

FARMER PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

• Understanding the practical context and

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

• The common crop varieties grown are generally low yielding,

• Emphasis in agricultural research has been on researcher

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

• The end result of this scenario is; low productivity,

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

N12 N11 Local N4 N5

N4 N5 N12C N11 Local

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

As farmers start to develop agro-enterprise and

International Training Course on Organic Agriculture

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