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By:
Junaidi Bin
Zakaria
FKKSA, UMP
013-9683471/09-5492914
junaidibz@ump.edu.my
ASSESSMENT METHOD
TEST 1 20%
TEST 2 20%
QUIZZES 10%
ASSIGNMENTS 10%
FINAL EXAM 40%
TOTAL 100%
CHAPTER REVIEW
CHAPTER 1
By:
Junaidi Bin
Zakaria
FKKSA, UMP
Task
In your own words,
- what is process control &
instrumentation
- explain the importance of process
control
Learning Objectives
Describe the importance process control
Define and identify controlled, manipulated
variables and disturbance for a given
process
Explain the implementation of process
control in industries
Explain feedback and feedforward control
Why do I learn Process Control and Instrumentation Course
h
H
Qout
Control System
Process control principle
Qin Human Aided Control
Sensor
Machine, electronic, or
s Controller computer replace
human operation
u
h Actuator
Qout
Categories of control systems
1. Servomechanisms – change an output
variable
2. Regulators – hold an output variable
Control
To maintain desired conditions in a
physical system by adjusting selected
variables in the system .
Control System
The control systems appear to have
three basic elements which is
FINAL
SENSOR CONTROLLER ELEMENT
16
SENSOR
CONTROLLER
FINAL
ELEMENT
INPUT OUTPUT
Process
sensor
Final control element
Transmitter
Transmitter
Decision
Controller INFORMATION
T
C
Answer for Task 2
Composition Control
A
C
Classification of process control strategies
JIGSAW
General Form of Control System Configuration
Disturbances variable
PROCESS
Manipulated variable
Controlled variable
28
FEEDBACK
Uses direct measurements of the controlled variables to adjust the
values of the manipulated variables.
FEEDFORWARD
Uses direct measurements of the disturbances variables to adjust
the values of the manipulated variables.
29
Method 1
Method 2
Feed Back Feed Forward
Disturbances
variable
Manipulated controller Disturbances
variable Controlled variable
Process variable
Process
Manipulated Controlled
controller variable variable
Advantages
§It does not required identification and §Acts before the effects of a disturbances has
measurement of any disturbance. been felt by the system
§It is not sensitive to modeling errors. §Is good for slow systems or with significant
§It is not sensitive to parameter dead time
changes. §It does not introduce instability in the closed
-loop response
Disadvantages
§It wait until the effect of the §Required identification & measurement of
disturbances has been felt by the disturbances
system §Cannot cope with unmeasured disturbance
§It is unsatisfactory for slow processes §Sensitive to process parameter variations
§It may create instability in the close- §Requires good knowledge of the process control
loop response
35
Instrumentation Symbols
Symbols of instruments used in
process controls drawings :
A: Analyzer
F: Flow rate
L: Level of liquid or solids in a vessel
P: Pressure
T: Temperature
C: Controller
V: Valve
36
(days-months ) 5. Planning and
Scheduling
( hours-days ) 4. Real-Time
Optimization
Process
Case Study
Case 1: High pressure is dangerous.
Case 2: No flow could damage the pump
Case 3: High temperature may cause
thermal loading in the column
Case 4: Quality of product at the bottom
column is the most critical
Case 5: Keep the process at smooth rate,
avoid dry column
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
High thermal loading
T
C
Case 4
Adjusting the heating and flowrate
Case 5
THANK YOU