Welcome to

China
 Introduction

 Official Name: People's Republic of China

 Geography 
 Total area: 9,596,961 sq. km.
 Cities: Capital--Beijing. 
 Other major cities--Shanghai,Tianjin,Shenyang,
Wuhan,
 Terrain: Plains, deltas, and hills in east;
mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west.
 Climate: Tropical in south to subarctic in north.
 People

 Nationality: Chinese (singular and plural). 

 Population (July 2010 est.): 1,330,141,295.
 Population growth rate (2010 est.): 0.494%.
 Health (2010 est.): 
Infant mortality rate--16.51 deaths/1,000 live
births. 
Life expectancy--74.51 years (overall); 72.54 years
for males, 76.77 years for females.
 Cont/…

 Education: Years compulsory--9. 
 Literacy--93%.
 Labor force (2009 est.): 812.7 million.
 Labor force by occupation (2008 est.): 
(a) Agriculture and forestry--39.5%, 
(b)Industry--27.2%, 
(c) Services--33.2%.s
 Government
Type: Communist party-led state.
Economy

 Rank :-2nd (nominal) / 2nd(PPP)

 Currency :-Renminbi (RMB); Unit: Yuan (CNY)
 Fixed exchange rates:- USD = 6.7695 RMB
(2010 average)
 Fiscal year:-Calendar year 01 January to 31
December
 Trade organizations:- WTO, APEC, G-20 and
others
Statistics

 GDP:-$5.88 trillion (nominal: 2nd; 2010)

$10.08 trillion (PPP: 2nd; 2010)
 GDP growth:-10.3% (major economies: 1st;
2010)
 GDP per capita:-$4,283 (nominal: 95th; 2010)
$7,518 (PPP: 93th; 2010)
 GDP by sector:-industry (46.8%), services
(42.6%), agriculture (10.6%) (2009)
 Inflation :-(CPI)5.1% (November 2010)
 Gini index:-46.9 (List of countries)
 About force:-813.5 million (1st; 2009)
 Labor force by occupation:-
 agriculture (39.5%), industry (27.2%), services
(33.2%) (2008)
 Unemployment4.2% (July 2010)
 Main industries

 Mining And Ore Processing, Iron, Steel,

Aluminum, And Other Metals, Coal;
 Machine Building; Armaments;
 Textiles And Apparel;
 Petroleum;
 Cement; Chemicals; Fertilizers;
 Consumer Products, Including Footwear,
Toys, And Electronics;
 Food Processing;
 Transportation Equipment, Including
Automobiles, Rail Cars And Locomotives,
Ships, And Aircraft;
 Telecommunications Equipment, Commercial
Space Launch Vehicles, Satellites vehicles,
satellites
 Ease of Doing Business Rank:-79th
External

 Exports:-US$1,577.93 billion ; 2010

 Export goods:-Electrical and other
machinery, including data processing
equipment, apparel, textiles, iron and steel,
optical and medical equipment
 Main export partners:-US 20.0%, Hong Kong
12.0%, Japan 8.3%, South Korea 4.6%,
Germany 4.3% (2009)
 Imports:-US$1,394.83 billion; 2010
 Import goods:-Electrical and other
machinery, oil and mineral fuels, optical and
medical equipment, metal ores, plastics,
organic chemicals.
 Main import partners:-Japan 12.3%,Hong
Kong 10.1%, South Korea 9.0%, US 7.7%,
Taiwan 6.8%, Germany 5.6% (2009)
 FDI stock:-$100 billion (2010)
 Gross external debt:-$347.1 billion (22nd;
2009)
Public finances

 Public debt:-18.2% of GDP (107th; 2009)

 Revenues:-$1.260 trillion (2010)
 Expenses:-$1.358 trillion (2010)
 Credit rating:-$5.555 trillion (4th; 2008)
 Foreign reserves:-$2.847 trillion
 China's global trade exceeded $2.4 trillion at
the end of 2008.
 It first broke the $100 billion mark in 1988,
$200 billion in 1994, $500 billion in 2001
and $1 trillion mark ($1.15 trillion) in 2004.
 The average annual growth (in nominal US dollar
terms) of china's foreign trade during the reform era.

Period Two-way Exports Imports

trade
1981–85 +12.8% +8.6% +16.1%
1986–90 +10.6% +17.8% +4.8%
1991–95 +19.5% +19.1% +19.9%
1996–2000 +11.0% +10.9% +11.3%
2000–05 +24.6% +25.0% +24.0%
2006 +27.2% +19.9% +23.8%
2007 +25.6% +20.8% +23.4%
 Introduction

 Country name:
 conventional long form: Republic of India
 conventional short form: India
 local long form: Republic of India/Bharatiya
Ganarajya
 local short form: India/Bharat
 Capital:name: New Delhi
 History

 The Indus Valley civilization, one of the

world's oldest, flourished during the 3rd and
2nd millennia B.C and extended into
northwestern India.
 Area: total: 3,287,263 sq km
 country comparison to the world: 7
 land: 2,973,193 sq km
 water: 314,070 sq km
 Natural resources

 Coal (Fourth-largest Reserves In The World),

Iron Ore, Manganese, Mica, Bauxite, Rare
Earth Elements, Titanium Ore, Chromites,
Natural Gas, Diamonds, Petroleum,
Limestone, Arable Land
 Population:1,173,108,018 (July 2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 2
 Age structure:
 0-14 years: 30.5% (male 187,197,389/female
165,285,592)
 15-64 years: 64.3% (male 384,131,994/female
359,795,835)
 65 years and over: 5.2% (male
28,816,115/female 31,670,841) (2010 est.)
 Median age: total: 25.9 years
 male: 25.4 years
 female: 26.6 years (2010 est.)
 Population growth rate:1.376% (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 89
 Birth rate:21.34 births/1,000 population
(2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 85
 Death rate:7.53 deaths/1,000 population
(July 2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 115
 Net migration rate: -0.05 migrant(s)/1,000
population (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 123
 Urbanization: urban population: 29% of total
population (2008)
 rate of urbanization: 2.4% annual rate of change
(2005-10 est.)
 Sex ratio: at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
 under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female
 total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2010 est.)
 Nationality:
 noun: Indian(s)
 adjective: Indian
 Languages:
 Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%,
Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati
4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya
3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili
1.2%, other 5.9%
 Literacy: Definition: age 15 and over can read
and write
 total population: 61%
 male: 73.4%
 female: 47.8% (2001 census)
 School life expectancy (primary to tertiary
education):
 total: 10 years
 male: 11 years
 female: 10 years (2007)
 Education expenditures:3.2% of GDP (2006)
 country comparison to the world: 142
 Economy

 Currency :Indian Rupee (INR) (1) = 100 Paise

 Fiscal year: Calendar year (1 April – 31 March)
 Trade organizations: WTO, SAFTA, G-20and
others
 GDP (purchasing power parity):
 $4.046 trillion (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 4
 $3.736 trillion (2009 est.)
 $3.478 trillion (2008 est.)
 note: data are in 2010 US dollars
 GDP (official exchange rate):$1.43 trillion
(2010 est.)
 GDP - real growth rate:8.3% (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 7
 7.4% (2009)
 7.4% (2008)
 GDP - per capita (PPP):$3,400 (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 163
$3,200 (2009)
$3,000 (2008 )
 note: data are in 2010 US dollars
 GDP - composition by sector:
 agriculture: 16.1%
 industry: 28.6%
 services: 55.3% (2010 est.)
 Labor force: 478.3 million (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 2
 Labor force - by occupation:
 agriculture: 52%
 industry: 14%
 services: 34% (2009 est.)
 Unemployment rate:
10.8% (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 118
10.7% (2009 est.)
 Population below poverty line:
25% (2007 est.)
 Household income or consumption by
percentage share:
 lowest 10%: 3.6%
 highest 10%: 31.1% (2005)
 Investment (gross fixed):32% of GDP (2010 .)
 country comparison to the world: 13
 Public debt:
 55.9% of GDP (2010)
 country comparison to the world: 42
57.3% of GDP (2009 )
 Inflation rate (consumer prices):11.7% (2010)
 country comparison to the world: 204
10.9% (2009)
 Stock of narrow money:$328.4 billion (31 December 2010
est)
 country comparison to the world: 15
$268.4 billion (31 December 2009 est)
 Stock of broad money:$1.29 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 14
$1.04 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
 Stock of domestic credit:$1.164 trillion (31 December 2010
est.)
 country comparison to the world: 14
$938.8 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
 Agriculture – products: Rice, wheat, oilseed,
cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, lentils, onions,
potatoes; dairy products, sheep, goats, poultry;
fish
 Industries: Textiles, chemicals, food processing,
steel, transportation equipment, cement, mining,
petroleum, machinery, software, pharmaceuticals
 Industrial production growth rate:
9.7% (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 17
 Electricity - exports:
 810 million kWh (2009 est.)
 Electricity - imports:
 5.27 billion kWh (2009 est.)
 Oil – production:878,700 bbl/day (2009 est.)
 Country comparison to the world: 24
 Oil – consumption:2.98 million bbl/day (2009
est.)
 country comparison to the world: 5
 Oil – exports:738,600 bbl/day (2007 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 23
 Oil – imports:2.9 million bbl/day (2007 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 6
 Natural gas – production:38.65 billion cu m (2009
est.)
 country comparison to the world: 22
 Natural gas – consumption:51.27 billion cu m
(2009 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 16
 Natural gas – exports:0 cu m (2008 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 169
 Natural gas – imports:12.62 billion cu m (2009 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 17
 Current account balance:-$26.91 billion (2010
est.)
 country comparison to the world: 181
 -$26.63 billion (2009 est.)
 Exports:$201 billion (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 22
 $168.2 billion (2009 est.)
 Exports – commodities: petroleum products,
precious stones, machinery, iron and steel,
chemicals, vehicles, apparel
 Exports – partners: UAE 12.87%, US 12.59%,
China 5.59% (2009)
 Imports:$327 billion (2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 13
 $274.3 billion (2009 est.)
 Imports – commodities: crude oil, precious
stones, machinery, fertilizer, iron and steel,
chemicals
 Imports – partners: China 10.94%, US 7.16%,
Saudi Arabia 5.36%, UAE 5.18%, Australia 5.02%,
Germany 4.86%, Singapore 4.02% (2009)
 Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $284.1
billion (31 December 2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 6
 $274.7 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
 Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$284.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 6
 $274.7 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
 Debt - external:
 $237.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 28
 $221.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
 Stock of direct foreign investment - at
home: $191.1 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 23
 $157.9 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
 Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$89.04 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
 country comparison to the world: 26
 $76.62 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
 Exchange rates:

 Indian rupees (INR) per US dollar - 46.163

(2010), 48.405 (2009), 43.319 (2008), 41.487
(2007), 45.3 (2006)