RAID

By Santosh B K

Under the guidance of

Mrs. Rekha
Asst prof , Cse dept
The Motivation for RAID
 Computing speeds double every 3 years
 Disk speeds can’t keep up
 Data needs higher MTBF than any
component in system
 IO Performance and Availability Issues!
What is RAID?
 RAID stands for Redundant Array of
Independent disks
 RAID is a combination of multiple hard disks
to form a single logical unit, done through
hardware or software
 RAID is used to divide or replicate data
among multiple drives to increase data
reliability and/or performance
History of RAID
 In 1978, Norman Ken Ouchi of IBM received a
patent titled “System for recovering data stored
in failed memory unit”
 In 1987, first used by David A. Patterson,
Garth A. Gibson and Randy Katz of the
University of California.
 The paper defined five combinations of RAIDs
or RAID “levels” each with their own
advantages and disadvantages.
 Many more implementations of RAID have
formed after that,.
Software and / or Hardware
RAID can be Software, Hardware or a combination of both. Generally speaking, Software RAID
tends to offer duplication or mirroring, while Hardware RAID offers Parity-based protection.

   
                                                      
Why RAID?

 Redundancy, fault tolerance

 Increased capacity
 Increased performance
Levels of RAID
 RAID 0 – Data Striping
 RAID 1 -- Mirroring
 RAID 2 – Hamming Code
 RAID 3 – Single Check Disk per Group
 RAID 4 – Independent Reads/Writes
 RAID 5 – No Single Check Disk
Merits and Demerits
Merits
 RAID make it possible to create economical,
reliable storage solutions with commodity
hardware
 It can work with distributed environment.
 Can support redundant copies of data across
a computer network at same the space
 Demerits
 It is easily destroyed, since it is placed in a
single location.
 Wastage of memory.
 All the disk must have same storage
capacity.
Application
 Web Servers
 Large file servers.
 Video Production and Editing
 Image Editing
Conclusion
 A tool that reliably extracted old volume
group information directly from the disk would
make recovery easier.
 RAID offers a cost effective alternative to
SLED through the use of data striping,
mirroring, and parity
Topics to be covered in next
seminars…
 A detail study about RAID systems
 Includes study on RAID levels
 Types of RAID systems
 Alternatives to the RAID systems
First RAID system. Second RAID system.
THANK YOU ..