Graduation Project

Lighting
 Design of a Lighting Scheme
Design of a lighting scheme means to
determine the:

type, size, number and

proper arrangement of
luminaries or lamps in order to produce a
given uniform illumination over a certain
area.
 Conditions for Well-designed
Lighting Scheme
1- Provides adequate illumination suitable
for the place.

2- Avoid glare and shadows.

3- Provides sufficiently uniform distribution

of light over the working plane.
Definitions Concerning Lighting

1- Candela (cd)
It is the unit of luminous intensity of a source
of light. It is defined as 1/60 of the luminous
intensity per square centimeter of a blackbody
radiator at temperature of solidification of
platinum ( 4045 K ).
A source of one candela (cd) emits one lumen
per steradian.
Definitions Concerning Lighting

2- Luminous Flux ( Φ )
It is the light energy radiated out per second
from the body in the form of luminous light
wave.

1 lumen = 0.0016 watt

Definitions Concerning Lighting

3- Luminous Intensity, or Candle Power ( I )

It is the solid angular flux density

of a source in specific direction
Definitions Concerning Lighting

4- Illumination ( E )

It is the normal luminous flux per

unit area received by the working
plane surface.
 Lighting Basic Design Data

To design the lighting installation, the

following data must be established:
1- Plan and sectional drawings of the building.
2- Details of the selling construction.
3- Colors of the walls and floors.
4- Usage of the room.
5- Furnishing and arrangement of the furniture.
6- Operating conditions, Temperature, humidity
 Factors Govern the Quality of
Lighting Installation

1- Intensity of illumination.
2- Shadow effect and incident of light.
3- Absence of glare.
4- Color of light.
5- The cost of the installation
 Utilization Factor

Utilization Factor or Coefficient of Utilization,ξ

It is the ratio of lumens actually received by

a particular surface to the total lumens emitted
by a luminous source.

Lumens actually received on the working plan

ξ = ---------------------------------------------------------
Lumens emitted by the light source
 Depreciation Factor

Depreciation Factor (P)

It is allows for the deterioration owing to
accumulation of dust or dirt.

Illumination under actual condition

P = -----------------------------------------------------
Illumination when everything is perfectly clean
 Light Calculations
The number of lamps or luminaries, N is
calculated by using the following equation:
Em . A
N = ------------------
Φ.ξ.P
Where: Em : average horizontal intensity in Lux
A : area to be illuminated in m2
Φ : Luminous flux per lamp or luminair
ξ : utilization factor
P : Depreciation factor