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Dental Anatomy & Occlusion

Dent 202
 › e permanent incisors
° Eruption sequence
41/31, 11/21, 42/32, 12/22
° Functions
Cutting
Est etics
Speec
° Class traits
Incisal 2/3 flattened MD
& compressed LL
Long orizontal
MD biting edge
2 or more mamelons
Marginal ridges
parallel to long axis
› e permanent maxillary incisors
° Arc traits
Crown
- Dider MD
- Smaller eig t / widt proportion
- Greater MD / LL proportion
oot
- Greater MD / LL proportion
- Conical root in central incisors
° ›ype traits
Size
Heig t / widt proportion
in crown
MD / LL proportion
in crown and root
 › e permanent maxillary central incisors
° Labial aspect
› e widest MD of all incisors ± type trait
3 mamelons
- Middle is t e smallest in widt
- Mesial as a raised s oulder
- Distal as a low s oulder
2 labial lobe grooves
90º mesioincisal line angle ± type trait
ounded distoincisal line angle
Mesial contour straig t, distal is somew at rounded
and bot converge cervically
Mesial eig t of contour (contact point) wit in incisal t ird
Distal HOC at junction between incisal & middle t irds
CEJ convex cervically
oot is conical & inclined distally
› e permanent maxillary central incisors

° Lingual aspect
Scoop-like surface
Lingual fossa bordered by (all more prominent in max.)
- Mesial & distal marginal ridges
- Cingulum
CEJ more convex t an labial& summit toward distal
oot is narrower seen from lingual
° Mesial aspect
C isel-s aped
Labial HOC in t e cervical t ird
CEJ curved incisally (t e most pronounced) ± type trait
Incisal edge coincides wit long axis
oot is conical
 › e permanent maxillary central incisors
° Distal aspect
CEJ is less curved t an seen from mesial
° Incisal aspect
›riangular outline
Labial outline is slig tly convex
- Meets M+L outlines at s arp line angles
Mesial outline is longer t an distal
Labial lobe grooves
° Pulp
Mirrors t e external configuration
Didest LL diameter at CEJ
Line of division between pulp c amber
& canal is not marked
Most incisally, pulp c amber is t in LL
wit 2 orns
Pulp canal is conical
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› e permanent maxillary lateral incisors
° Labial aspect
Narrower MD & s orter IC ± type trait
oot is of same lengt
More rounded in general
- MI angle
- DI angle more rounded
- M & D outlines
HOCs are fart er from incisal edge
- Mesial HOC is between middle & incisal t rids
- Distal HOC is at t e center of middle t ird
oot is conical and slig tly inclined distally
° Lingual aspect
Marginal ridges & cingulum are more pronounced
Lingual fossa is deeper
Developmental groove and pit?
› e permanent maxillary lateral incisors
° Mesial aspect
Cingulum more convex
CEJ less curved
° Distal aspect
° Incisal aspect
Ovoid outline
Smaller MD t an central
Labial outline is rounded
ML & DL line angles are more rounded
° Pulp
Similar to central
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› e permanent mandibular
incisors
° Arc traits
Crown
- Narrower MD
- Greater eig t / widt proportion
- Smaller MD / LL proportion
oot
- Smaller MD / LL proportion
- Generally oblong in x-section
° ›ype traits (arc trait)
Nearly equal in size &
dimensions
› e permanent mandibular central incisors
° Labial aspect
› e narrowest MD of all incisors
Bilaterally symmetrical (type trait)
3 mamelons
- Mesail and distal mamelons are of equal prominence
90 º MI & DI angles and are at same level IC (type traits)
Bot HOCs are wit in t e incisal t ird
M & D outlines are almost straig t lines
CEJ convex cervically
oot is narrow but not conical
° Lingual aspect
S allow fossa & less prominent cingulum
& marginal ridges
CEJ summit in t e center
 › e permanent mandibular central incisors
° Mesial aspect
Labial HOC wit in cervical t ird
From HOC toward incisal edge labial
outline is straig t
oot
- Broad & flat
- A s allow depression in t e midportion
- Ovoid in x-section
° Distal aspect
CEJ is less curved
° Incisal aspect
›riangular
Labial surface is flat compared to max. incisors
Seldom labial lobe groove
Long axis of incisal edge is perpendicular to
LL line (type trait)
Mesial outline = distal outline in lengt
° Pulp
Broad LL and narrow MD
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› e permanent mandibular lateral incisors

° Labial surface
Slig tly wider t an central
Lack of bilateral symmetry
MI angle is s arp w ile DI angle is
rounded & more cervically situated
° Lingual & mesial aspects
Nearly identical to t at of central
° Distal aspect
More of t e incisal edge is visible
CEJ is less pronounced
° Incisal aspect
Incisal edge is not perpendicular to LL line
DI angle is more toward lingual
° Pulp
Similar to t at of central
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