The “Dual State:” Top Nazi Leaders Who

Worked “Toward the Fuehrer”

Who competed for administrative access to Hitler in Berlin?
Martin Bormann (Director, Staff of the Deputy Fuehrer),
Phillip Bouhler (Head, Chancellery of the Fuehrer),
Rudolf Hess (Deputy Fuehrer),
Otto Meissner (Head of the Presidial Chancellery),
and Hans Heinrich Lammers (Head of the Reich
Chancellery).
Who vied for control of the police? Wilhelm Frick (Reich
Minister of the Interior),
Heinrich Himmler (S.S. Reichsfuehrer and Head of German
Police),
and Hermann Goering (in command of Prussian police).
Who fought for control of economic policy? Hermann
Goering (Director, Four Year Plan),
Hjalmar Schacht (Reich Economics Minister),
Walther Funk (Economics Minister after 1937 and a personal
advisor to Hitler on economic questions),
and Himmler, who vied with Goering on economic questions
related to S.S. plundering in eastern Europe.
Also competing for Hitler’s approval on economic
policy were Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
(Minister of Finance), Fritz Reinhardt (Nazi expert
on financial questions), and Wilhelm Keppler (who
served as a personal economics advisor to Hitler).
No photos of these three are available.
Who battled for control of policy in occupied Poland after
September 1939? Albert Forster (overlord of Danzig/West
Prussia),
Arthur Greiser (ruler in the Warthegau, who had the support
of Himmler for his harsh ethnic policies there),
and Hans Frank (who ran the Generalgouvernement and was
supported by Goering at the highest levels of the Nazi
leadership).
Who vied for dominance in matters of law and justice?
Franz Guertner (Reich Minister of Justice)
and Hans Frank (Nazi legal expert). Himmler, Goering, and

Hess also took a careful interest in legal issues.

Who vied for control of Nazi education policy?
Bernhard Rust (Reich Minister of Education),
Baldur von Schirach (Reich Youth Leader),
Alfred Rosenberg (Representative of the Fuehrer for the
Supervision of the Entire Intellectual and Ideological
Schooling and Education of the Nazi Party),
Julius Streicher (head of the anti-Semitic publishing house,
“Der Stuermer”),
Robert Ley (head of the Adolf Hitler elite
schools),
and Phillip Bouhler (chief Nazi schoolbook censor).
 Who fought for control of labor policy? Franz Seldte
(Minister of Labor, shown below), Konstantin Hierl (head of
the Reich Labor Service, no photo available),
and Robert Ley (leader of the German Labor Front, D.A.F.).
Who competed over Nazi foreign policy? Konstantin von
Neurath (Reich Minister of Foreign Affairs),
Joachim von Ribbentrop (Nazi expert on foreign affairs and
Foreign Minister from 1938),
and Alfred Rosenberg (head of Hitler’s Foreign Political
Office).
Who battled for domination of the press and propaganda?
Josef Goebbels (Reich Minister of Propaganda),
Otto Dietrich (Nazi press chief and in charge of publicity),
Nazi Press Director, Max Amann,
Alfred Rosenberg (Editor of the party newspaper, the
“Voelkischer Beobachter”),
and Julius Streicher (publisher of “Der Stuermer”).
 Who carried out the regime’s anti-Semitic policies? All of
the foregoing and many others, but those below had a specific
interest in a radical solution to the “Jewish Question:”

Greiser
Goering
Himmler Streicher

Goebbels

Frank Heydrich
Rosenberg
Which leaders vied for control of military policy? Ernst
Roehm (commander of the private Nazi army, the
Sturmabteilung, or S.A., until his assassination in 1934),
Heinrich Himmler, overlord of the Waffen S.S. (armed S.S.),
Hermann Goering, chief of the Luftwaffe (air force),
Werner von Blomberg (Minister of War until 1938),
Werner Freiherr von Fritsch (head of the army high command
until 1938),
and Wilhelm Keitel, head of the Oberkommando der
Wehrmacht (Supreme High Command) after 1938.
Other influential advisors include Albert Speer (Hitler’s
architect and Armaments Minister)
and Heinrich Hoffmann (Hitler’s photographer and close
confidante).