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DECIMAL
DEFINITION
• The word "Decimal" really means "based
on 10" (From Latin decima: a tenth part).
• We sometimes say "decimal" when we
mean anything to do with our numbering
system, but a "Decimal Number" usually
means there is a Decimal Point.
•
PLACE VALUE
• When we write numbers, the position (or
"place") of each number is important.
• the "7" is in the Units position, meaning
just 7 (or 7 "1"s),
• the "2" is in the Tens position meaning 2
tens (or twenty),
• and the "3" is in the Hundreds position,
meaning 3 hundreds.
• As we move left, each position is 10 times
bigger. From Units, to Tens, to Hundreds ...
• As we move right, each position is 10 times
smaller. From Hundreds, to Tens, to Units
• But what if we continue past Units?
• What is 10 times smaller than Units?
•
• But we must first write a decimal point,
so we know exactly where the Units position is:
•
• "three hundred twenty seven and four tenths"
DECIMAL
POINT
• The decimal point is the most important
part of a Decimal Number. It is exactly to
the right of the Units position. Without it,
we would be lost ... and not know what
each position meant.
•
LARGE AND
SMALL
• So, our Decimal System lets us write
numbers as large or as small as we
want, using the decimal point.
• Numbers can be placed to the left or right
of a decimal point, to indicate values
greater than one or less than one.
•
17.591
• The number to the left of the decimal point is a
whole number (17 for example)
• As we move further left, every number place gets 10
times bigger.
• The first digit on the right means tenths (1/10).
• As we move further right, every number place gets 10
times smaller (one tenth as big).
ALGORITHME
Addition
and Subtraction of Decimal
s
• When adding or subtracting
decimals, each number must be
placed to align the decimal points.
• When necessary, zeros are used as
place holders to make this possible.
Then the operation of
addition or subtraction is
performed.
Example:
First align decimal points
Example:
0.832 – 0.0357 =
Multiplying Decimals
• When multiplying decimals,
the decimal points do not have to be
aligned. Rather, it is important to
accurately position the decimal point
in the product.
• To position the decimal in the product,
the total number of digits to the right
of the decimals in the numbers being
multiplied must be equal to the
number of digits to the right of
the decimal in the product.
• This is best illustrated in the
following examples:
Step 1: Multiply numbers without
inserting decimal in the products.
NOTE: Since 0.056 has three digits to
0.45 x 100 = 45
fractions of 10.
•
Contoh Bahan Bantu
Mengajar.
(Perpuluhan)
PAPAN PERPULUHAN
Bahan dan Anggaran Kos
Jenis bahan Kuantiti Harga seunit Jumlah harga
1 2 10
cm
3. Lukis satu lagi garisan dengan jarak 10cm dari
garisan tadi. Bahagikan kawasan itu kepda 20
bahagian yang sama, (jarak setiap
1 bahagian
5cm). Tandakan pecahan 1
dalam setiap
0
1 bahagian. 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
1
10
• Lukis garisan mengufuk dengan jarak 10cm
dari tepi bawah. Tandakan nombor
perpuluhan dari 0.1 hingga 2.0 sepada
dengan bahagian pecahan di atas.
ep dan kemahiran yang perlu dikuasai oleh murid adalah seperti yang berikut :
Blok Dienes
Bod jerami
2 keping RM 4.00 RM 8.00
Pen penanda
1 batang RM 2.00 RM 2.00