(1898 1941)

Historical Background

June 12, 1898

Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo

Gen. Miguel Malvar

Newspapers: El Nuevo Dia (The New Day) Sergio Osmena El Grito Del Pueblo (The Call of the Nation) Pascual Poblete El Rnacimiento (The Rebirth) Raphael Palma

Plays written: Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas Aurelio Tolentino Tanikalang Ginto of Juan Abad Malaya by Tomas Remigio Walang Sugat by Severino Reyes

Characteristics of Literature during this Period

Literature in Spanish
Inspired to write in praise of Rizal:

Fernando Ma. Guerrero

Cecilio Apostol

Jesus Balmori

Manuel Bernabe, defended OLIVIDO (Forgetfulness)

Claro M. Recto, collected his poems in a book entitled BAJO LOS COCOTEROS (Under the Coconut Trees)

Other writers in Spanish: Adelina Guerrea El Nido (The Nest)

Macario Adriatico La Punta de Salto (The Place of Origin) Epifanio de los Santos (known as Don Panyong)

Isidro Marpori Aromas de Ensueno (Scents of Dreams)

Other writers in Spanish:

Filipino Literature

Pedro Aunario Decalogo del Proteccionismo

Francisco Balagtas Florante at Laura

Classified three kinds of Tagalog Poets Poet of the Heart (Makata ng Puso) Poets of Life (Makata ng Buhay) Poets of the Stage (Makata ng Tanghalan)
Julian Cruz Balmaceda

Modesto de Castro Urbana at Felisa

LOPE K. SANTOS also

called as APO Novelist, poet, and author, and grammarian covered three periods of Tagalog literature American, Japanese and the contemporary period. Father of the National Language Grammar BANAAG at SIKAT

JOSE CORAZON DE JESUS

Known as Huseng Batute; Poet of Love Ang Isang Punong Kahoy (A Tree)

AMADO V. HERNANDEZ
Makata ng mga Mangagagawa (Poet of the Laborers) Ang Panday

VALERIANO HERNANDEZ PENA

Known as Tandang Anong and his penname was Kuntil Butil (Small Grain) Nena At Neneng

The Tagalog Drama

Severino Reyes and Hermogenes Ilagan (Moro-moro)
INIGO ED. REGALADO Odalager

Aurelio Tolentino Luhang Tagalog and Kahapon, Ngayon at Bukas

Severino Reyes
Father of theTagalog Drama Hermogenes Ilagan Walang Sugat

Patricio Mariano Ninay and Anak ng Dagat (Son of the Sea) Julian Cruz Balmaceda Bunganga ng Pating (Sharks mouth)

The Tagalog Short Story

Tagalog Poetry

Other Forms of Literature

Claro Caluya Prince of Ilocano Poets Pedro Bukaneg Father of Ilocano Literature Bukanegan Leon Pichay Known as best Bukanegero

Literature of the Kapampangans

Juan Crisostomo Soto Father of Kapampangan Literature Crisotan Aurelio Tolentino Napon, Ngeni at Bukas

Visayan Literature
Eriberto Gumban Father of Visayan Literature

Philippine Literature in English

The Period of Reorientation (1898 -1910) The Period of Imitation (1910 - 1925)

Magdalena Jalandoni Ang Mga Tunuk San Isa Ca Bulaclac

The Period of SelfDiscovery (1925 -1941)

The Period of Reorientation (1898 1910)

August 13, 1898 1908

Poetry 1907 Justo Juliano ,SURSUM CORDA

1909 The first attempts in English were Jan F. Salazar, MY in two periodicals of this time: MOTHER and his AIR CASTLES a) EL RENACIMIENTO by
Rafael Palma b) PHILIPPINE FREE PRESS by R. McCullough Dick and D. Theo Rogers

Proceso Sebastian - TO MY LADI IN LAOAG

The Period of Imitation (1910 1925)

1919 UP College Folio Fernando Maramag Essays Essayists of this time were: Carlos P. Romulo Jorge C. Bocobo Mauro Mendez Vicente Hilario

Short Stories DEAD STARS by Paz Marquez Benitez Up College Folio was later replaced by the Phillipine Collegian Newspapers & Periodicals Bulletin Philippint Herald (1920) Philippine Review

The Independent Rising Philippines and Citizens The Philippine Education Magazine 1924 Few writers during this period: 1910: Bernardo P. Garcias Poem 1917: Eulogio B. Rodriguez 1919: Paz Marquez Benitez 1924: Journal

1920: Marcelo de Garcia 1920: Procopio L. Solidum 1921: LorenzoE. Paredes 1921: Zoilo M. Galang 1924: Eliseo Quirino & Vicente Hilario 1924: Rodolfo Dato 1924: Carlos P. Romulo published a collection of plays DAUGHTERS FOR SALE AND OTHER PLAYS

The Period of SelfDiscovery (1925 1941)

1925: TALES of the PHILIPPINES by Zoilo M. Galang
Poetry ConcepcionMarcelo de Gracia Jose Garcia Villa Angela Manalang Gloria Abelardo Subido Trinidad Tarrosa Subido Rafael Zulueta da Costa

1925: The Philippine Writers 1926: Manila: A collection of Verses by Luis Dato 1932: BAMBOO FLUTE by Marcelo de Gracia Concepcion 1934: MOON SHADOWS ON THE WATER 1934: An English-German Anthology of Filipino Poets 1936: MY BOOK OF VERSES

1937: FIRST LEAVES 1939: NUANCES 1940: LIKE THE MOLAVE & OTHER POEMS 1940: MANY VOICES 1941: POEMS

The Short Story (19251941) Some of the writings of our writers during this time: 1927 - Paz M. Benitez 1929 - Philippine Short Stories 1930 - Mira-in-isa 1932 - Zoilo M. Galang, Tales of the Philippines

The Commonwealth Literary Contest awarded First Prize to HOW MY BROTHER LEONBROUGHTHOME A WIFE by Manuel Arguilla Essays and other Prose Styles (1925-1941) Notable writers: Political , social reflective essays Critical essays Personal or Familiar essays

Notable Works:
1940: Salvador P. Lopez LITERAURE & SOCIETY 1940: Camilo Osias published THE FILIPINO WAY OF LIFE

August 16, 1941: Carlos P. Romulo had an editorial printed the Philippines Herald

The Philippine Writers League put a collection essays called LITERATURE UNDER THE COMMONWEALTH

Biography 1935 1941: I.P. Caballero and F.B. Icasiano (Mang Kiko)Marcelo de Garcia wrote Sunday Times Magazine about QUEZON

History

1938 THE GREAT MALAYAN

1937 Teofilo del Castillos, The Brief History of the Philippine Island

1940 Publications I.V. Mallaris THE BIRTH of DISCONTENT The Philippine Free Press The Drama (1925-1941)

THANK YOU!