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Physical fitness

General fitness a state of health and well-being Specific fitness a task-oriented definition based on the ability to perform specific aspects of sports or occupations

- as the capacity to carry

out the day s activities without undue fatigue.

- is a measure of the body s

ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to be healthy, to resist hypokinetic diseases, and to meet emergency situations.

Health Related components - those factors that are related to

how well the systems of your body work

1.Cardiovascular Fitness - the ability of the circulatory

system (heart and blood vessels) to supply oxygen to working muscles during exercise.

2. Body Composition - the relative percentage of body fat compared to lean body mass (muscle, bone, water,etc)

3. Flexibility
the range of movement possible at various joints. 4. Muscular strength -the amount of force that can be produced by a single contraction of a muscle
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5. Muscular endurance
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the ability of a muscle group to continue muscle movement over a length of time.

Skill Related Components

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those aspects of fitness which form the basis for successful sports participation.

1. Speed

- is the ability to move quickly

from one point to another

2. Agility - is the ability of the body to

change direction quickly

3.Balance - is the ability to maintain an

upright posture while still or moving

4.Coordination - is the Integration with hand

and/or foot movements with the input of the senses.

5.Reaction Time
Amount of time it takes to get moving.

6.Power
The ability to do strength work at an explosive pace

The Anatomical Position of the body

- is standing erect with the head,

eyes and toes pointing forward, feet together with arms by the side. The palms of the hands are also point forward.

Different structural body movements

The body
- has a wide variety of

movements available to it, depending on the joint where the movement occurs.

Movement - occurs when a muscle or

muscles contract over joints and is dependent on the joint s mobility and the location of the muscle in relation to the joint.

The different types of movement have specific terms, often in pairs to describe opposite movements.

Flexion
- When the knee is bent, this is a form of flexion. - Bending lumbar segment (bicep curl)

Extension
- Straightening of the leg is extension. - Opposite of flexion go back to normal aanatomical position

Hyperextension
- occurs when the extension is beyond 180. The neck is hyperextended when the chin tilts up toward the ceiling.

Dorsiflexion
- pointing of toe upward

Plantarflexion
- pointing of toes downward

Inversion
- is a movement of the foot to turn the sole medially while Inward movements

Eversion
- it laterally. Opposite of inward

Abduction
- is the movement of a limb away

from the median plane of the body. - Moving away from the body streamline

Adduction
- is the reversal of this movement,

bringing the limb back to the median plane. - Moving back to normal anatomical body position

Circumduction
is a circular movement of the joint, such as drawing a circle with the arm and wrist straight. It is a combination of abduction, adduction, flexion and extension in a ball-and-socket joint.
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Rotation
- is movement of a bone around the longitudinal axis of that bone. Lateral (or external) rotation occurs when the anterior aspect rotates outward and medial rotation occurs when it rotates inward.

Pronations
- a Pronation is the turning of the palm from the anatomical position to face backward.

Supination - occur at the wrist to rotate the palm. Turning the palm forward is supination.

Gliding
- is the motion in any direction of two articulating surfaces sliding past one another. This minimum movement occurs in the carpal bones of the hands and tarsal bones of the feet and also between the clavicles and sternum.

Protraction
- is movement anteriorly in the transverse plane. Movements of a jaw forward

Retraction
- moving the jaw back to its normal position.

Elevation
is the motion of a limb superiorly, such as lifting the shoulders toward the ears.
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Depression
- is the opposite of elevation

Apposition
- is a movement unique to the thumb when it moves - toward a finger or the palm to grasp something

Inferior
- movement as in opening the mouth.