02 - ABAP Dictionary Objects

ABAP Dictionary Objects
Tables Data Elements Domains Using a Table in an ABAP Program
BC030_03.1
Accessing the ABAP Dictionary
BC030_03.2
Basic Objects of the ABAP Data Dictionary

Table A Table B Table C
Data Element 1
Data Element 2
Domain
BC030_03.3 ABAP Dictionary Objects
Tables
TABLE KNA1 (Customers)
Table: KNA1 MANDT KUNNR Name 1 ORT 02
BC030_03.4
Create a Table
Enter a description (short text).
Maintain delivery class
Table Maintenance attributes
BC030_03.5
Create a Table
Maintain field attributes
BC030_03.6
Two-Level Domain Concept
Data Element 1
Data Element 2
Domain
BC030_03.7
Data Elements
Table A Table B
Data Element 1
BC030_03.8
Pre-Defined Data Elements
BC030_03.9
Data Element Documentation
BC030_03.10
Create Data Element
Enter domain name.
BC030_03.11
Create Data Element
Maintain field labels and column headers.
BC030_03.12
Domains
Table A
Data Elements
Domain
BC030_03.13
Characteristics of Domains
Table A
Data Elements
Domain
BC030_03.14
Allowed Values
Domain Domain
January February March . . . . . . . December

Value Table
Benefits of Using Allowed Values
valid values
invalid values
BC030_03.16
Create a Domain
Enter data type and length.
BC030_03.17
Create a Domain
Explicit values or a value table may be entered.
BC030_03.18
Using a Table in Program Code
TABLES: YEMPLOY. SELECT * FROM YEMPLOY. WRITE: / YEMPLOY_ID YEMPLOY_NAME YEMPLOY_SALARY ENDSELECT.
BC030_03.19
Foreign Key Relationships

Definition & Uses of Foreign Keys Prerequisites for Constructing Foreign Key Relationships Key Terminology Cardinality and Foreign Key Field Types Foreign Keys with Multiple Fields
BC030_03.20
Definition of Foreign Keys
BC030_03.21
Uses of Foreign Keys

Maintain data integrity Provide help texts Create aggregate dictionary objects
BC030_03.22
Prerequisites for Constructing Foreign Key Relationships

The foreign key field and the primary key of the check table must share the same domain. A value table must exist for that domain.
BC030_03.23
Foreign Keys: Key Terminology
Value Table
Check Table
Foreign Key Table

Foreign Key Terminology: Check Table = Value Table
Check Table
Value Table
BC030_03.25
Foreign Key Terminology: Check Table { Value Table
Check Table
Value Table
BC030_03.26
Establishing a Foreign Key Relationship in the ABAP Dictionary
BC030_03.27
Cardinality
n : m
1 C 1 C N CN
Foreign Key Field Type

Check Table: Students
Foreign Key Table: Course Enrolment
Course Enrolment
STUDENT_ID
BC030_03.29
Foreign Key Type: Key Fields or Key Field Candidates
Faculty
Course
BC030_03.30
Foreign Key Type: Key Fields of a Text Table
T005 (Country Codes) T005T (Country descriptions) (T002) (Language Codes)
BC030_03.31
Foreign Key Type: Non-Key Field Candidates
Professor
Course
BC030_03.32
Creating a Foreign Key Relationship
Foreign key push-button
BC030_03.33
Maintaining a Foreign Key Relationships Attributes
Check table (defaults to value table)
Maintain foreign key type Maintain cardinality n : m

Foreign Keys with Multiple Fields
BC030_03.35
Field-By-Field Assignment
Foreign Key Table
Check Table
BC030_03.36
Partial Foreign Keys
BC030_03.37
Constant Foreign Keys
BC030_03.38
Changing the Field Assignment
Generic foreign key
Constant foreign key
BC030_03.39
ABAP Dictionary Tables in Relational Databases

SAP Table Types Technical Settings Indexes
BC030_03.40
SAP Table Types
Transparent Table (TRANSP) Pool Table
Structure (INTTAB)
Cluster Table
View
Transparent Tables Type = TRANSP
Master Data
BC030_03.42
Table Types TRANSP in the Database

PROFILE
DB
BC030_03.43
Mapping a Table of Type INTTAB

PROFILE
DB
Pool and Cluster Tables: Overview

Pool Table Cluster Table
BC030_03.45
Technical Settings
Master Transaction Organization & Customizing User Number of data records in DB storage
Data class
Size category
Buffering
Single records, generic, full, not buffered
Log data changes

BC030_03.46
on or off
Data Class
Transaction data Organization and Customizing data
Master data
User data
DB
BC030_03.47
Size Categories
BC030_03.48
Buffering Type
Single Record
KF1 KF2 KF3 F4 F5 F6
Generic
Full
None
BC030_03.49
Logging
BC030_03.50
Maintaining Technical Settings
BC030_03.51
Index
BC030_03.52
Database Utility
DB
ABAP Repository Information System

The Repository Information System Object Searches (Find) Use of Objects in Objects (Where-Used) Searching for Objects Outside the Dictionary
BC030_03.54
ABAP Repository Info System: Typical Queries

ABAP Dictionary
Find (Object Search) Find all objects of type A with attributes X, Y, Z.
WhereWhere-used lists Find all objects of type A that use object B
BC030_03.55
ABAP Repository: Initial Screen
BC030_03.56
Find: Selection Screen
Enter a single value for the search attributes or use the arrow pushpush-buttons for selection options Use the All Selections pushbutton to limit search criteria on other object attributes
Selection Options
Simplified Selection (single values)
= > <
Equal Pattern Greater than or equal Less than or equal
> <
Not equal Exclude pattern Greater than Less than
Toggle push-buttons Complex Selection (ranges)
[]
Inclusive
][
Exclusive
BC030_03.58
Hit List Options: Standard Options
BC030_03.59
Where-Used List: Selection Screen
List of all objects that object may be used in
BC030_03.60
Relationship between Objects Where-Used and Sub-Objects Lists
Program
Table Data Elements Domains
Screen
ABAP Repository Info System
Modeling
ABAP Dictionary
Programming
Environment
BC030_03.62
ABAP Dictionary Objects: Views

Definition Relational operations Types of views Using a view in program code
BC030_03.63
What is a View?
BC030_03.64
The Most Basic Form of a View
BC030_03.65
The Relational Operations

Projection Table 1 Selection Table 2 Join Table 3 Table 4
View A View B
View C
BC030_03.66
The Projection Operation

Projection Table 1
View A
BC030_03.67
Specifying Projected Fields

Indicate actual table Fields and data elements.
Can use any name if database view, otherwise must be same name as table field.
The Selection Operation

Selection Table 2
Example: Staff Level <= 3 View B
BC030_03.69
Specifying Selection Criteria

Can include unprojected fields
BC030_03.70
The Join Operation

Join Table 3 Table 4
View C
BC030_03.71
The Necessity of the Join Operation

Employee ID Salary ID 5579 5579 5579 5579
BC030_03.72
Name
Salary 1
Salary 2 Salary 3
Name Smith Smith Smith Smith
Salary $10,000.00 $11,000.00 Wrong $12,000.00 $13,000.00

Understanding the Join Operation

Employee ID Salary ID 5579 5579 5579 5579
BC030_03.73
Name
Salary $10,000.00 $11,000.00 $12,000.00 $13,000.00
Date Effective 10/1/91 10/1/92 Right 10/1/94 10/1/96

The Join Operation and Foreign Keys

Primary
Table 3
Join
Secondary
Table 4
View C
BC030_03.74
Specifying Joined Fields

Indicate base tables that data will come from.
Hit button to see related tables and automatically generate join conditions.
Types of Views in the ABAP Dictionary

Database View Projection View Help View Maintenance View
BC030_03.76
The Database View

Database View
DB
BC030_03.77
Database
The Projection View

Projection View
BC030_03.78
Database vs. Projection Views

Projection View Database View
BC030_03.79
Other Types of Views

Help View Maintenance View
BC030_03.80
Using a View in Program Code
TABLES:
YXXEMP_V.
SELECT * FROM YXXEMP_V. WRITE:/ YXXEMP_V-EMP_ID YXXEMP_V-LAST_NAME, YXXEMP_V-FIRST_NAME.
ENDSELECT.
BC030_03.81
Overview of Search Helps

Benefits of Search Helps Elementary Search Helps Collective Search Helps Search Help Exits
BC030_03.82
The Benefits of Search Helps

What was Smiths vendor number, anyway?
F4
BC030_03.83
Elementary vs. Collective
Collective Search Help
E l e m e n t a r y 1
Field H Field B Field K
Field Z
Field O
Field A
Field R Field X Field B Field O Field Q
BC030_03.84
Creating an Elementary Search Help
Create search help from Dictionary pushbutton on workbench, or from within Repository Browser.
Defining an Elementary Search Help
Data source for hit list Hit List Display Method Used to identify search help
Optio nal exit
Interface Parameters
BC030_03.86
Defining an Elementary Search Help - Interface Parameters

Parameters for values you want to send and receive Parameter is display only Data element associated with parameter
Declaration of parameters as import and/or export
Position parameter will be on hit list

BC030_03.87
Position parameter will be on dialog box
Optional default for parameter
Assigning an Elementary Search Help - Priority Levels
Table Field
Data Element
Using Elementary Search Helps
F4
BC030_03.89
Defining a Collective Search Help - Interface
Notice there is no selection method. A collective search help is a set of one or more elementary search helps.
BC030_03.90
Defining a Collective Search Help Adding Elementary Search Helps
Dont forget to assign parameters for each elementary search help.

Using a Collective Search Help
F4
Only difference from Before - toggle tab between elementary Search helps.
BC030_03.92
Search Help Exits
Function Module with ABAP code _________ ______ _______ ______ _____ _____
Search Help Processing
BC030_03.93

02 - ABAP Dictionary Objects

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02 - ABAP Dictionary Objects

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ABAP Dictionary Objects

Tables Data Elements Domains Using a Table in an ABAP Program

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Accessing the ABAP Dictionary

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Basic Objects of the ABAP Data Dictionary

Table: KNA1 MANDT KUNNR Name 1 ORT 02

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Enter a description (short text).

Maintain delivery class

Table Maintenance attributes

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Maintain field attributes

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Two-Level Domain Concept

ABAP Dictionary Objects

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Pre-Defined Data Elements

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Data Element Documentation

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Create Data Element

Enter a description (short text).

Enter domain name.

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Create Data Element

Maintain field labels and column headers.

ABAP Dictionary Objects

ABAP Dictionary Objects

ABAP Dictionary Objects

January February March . . . . . . . December

Benefits of Using Allowed Values

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Enter a description (short text).

Enter data type and length.

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Explicit values or a value table may be entered.

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Using a Table in Program Code

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Foreign Key Relationships

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Definition of Foreign Keys

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Uses of Foreign Keys

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Prerequisites for Constructing Foreign Key Relationships

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Foreign Keys: Key Terminology

Foreign Key Table

Foreign Key Terminology: Check Table = Value Table

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Foreign Key Terminology: Check Table { Value Table

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Establishing a Foreign Key Relationship in the ABAP Dictionary

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Foreign Key Field Type

Foreign Key Table: Course Enrolment

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Foreign Key Type: Key Fields or Key Field Candidates

ABAP Dictionary Objects

Foreign Key Type: Key Fields of a Text Table

T005 (Country Codes) T005T (Country descriptions) (T002) (Language Codes)